Answer the question in maximum 200 words. This question carries 11 marks. [MPPSC 2022]
What is Artificial Intelligence? Explain the losses due to its misuse.
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Artificial intelligence, or AI, involves using computers to perform tasks normally requiring human intelligence, such as taking decisions or recognizing text, speech or visual images.
While it has some misuse also which causes several serious loss :-
Deepfakes: AI-powered algorithms that manipulate appearances and voices of people into real-looking footage.
As deepfakes are created through AI, they don’t require the considerable skill that it would take to create a realistic video otherwise, which implies that just about anyone could create a deepfake to promote their chosen agenda.
Cyber crime: AI can be exploited to mount automated hacking attacks, commit financial frauds, cut through a nation’s security framework, can even facilitate terrorism and radicalisation.
Invasion of privacy and social grading: governments can use the data to govern through AI, people’s social media habits, introduce policies to police people with the help of Face IDs, like it’s done in countries such as China.
Existential risk from artificial intelligence is the hypothesis that substantial progress in artificial intelligence could someday result in human extinction or some other unrecoverable global catastrophe because of its “super intelligent” powers that could become difficult to control in future.
Social manipulation: Cambridge Analytica and others associated with the firm who used the data from 50 million Facebook users to try to sway the outcome of the 2016 U.S. presidential election and the U.K.’s Brexit referendum, illustrate AI’s power for social manipulation.