The Migration and Mobility Partnership Agreement (MMPA) is a bilateral agreement signed between India and Italy in 2020, which aims to enhance cooperation on migration and mobility between the two countries.

The key aspects of the MMPA include:

1. Legal Migration:

   • The agreement facilitates the movement of skilled professionals, students, and researchers between India and Italy.
   • It establishes streamlined procedures for the issuance of visas and residence permits for these categories of migrants.

2. Irregular Migration:

   • The MMPA includes provisions to strengthen cooperation in combating irregular migration, human trafficking, and smuggling of migrants.
   • It outlines mechanisms for the identification, return, and reintegration of irregular migrants.

3. Labor Mobility:

   • The agreement promotes the temporary and circular mobility of workers, allowing for the exchange of skills and expertise between the two countries.
   • It facilitates the coordination of labor market needs and the recognition of qualifications.

4. Diaspora Engagement:

   • The MMPA recognizes the important role of the Indian and Italian diasporas in fostering people-to-people connections and economic cooperation.
   • It includes provisions to enhance the engagement and contribution of the diasporas in the development of both countries.

5. Information Sharing and Capacity Building:

   • The agreement establishes a framework for the exchange of information, best practices, and technical expertise related to migration management.
   • It facilitates joint training and capacity-building initiatives between the relevant authorities of India and Italy.

The MMPA is a significant step in strengthening the comprehensive strategic partnership between India and Italy. It reflects the shared commitment of both countries to address the challenges and opportunities presented by international migration in a collaborative and mutually beneficial manner.