Agriculture refers to the practice of cultivating the land and breeding animals to produce food, fiber, and other products. It encompasses a broader range of activities, including:

1. Crop production: planting, harvesting, and processing crops such as grains, fruits, vegetables, and nuts.
2. Livestock production: breeding, raising, and managing animals for meat, dairy, and other animal products.
3. Forestry: the cultivation of trees for timber, paper, and other forest products.
4. Aquaculture: the cultivation of aquatic plants and animals for food and other products.

Agriculture also involves various support activities, such as:

1. Soil conservation and management
2. Irrigation and water management
3. Pest control and crop protection
4. Marketing and distribution of agricultural products

Farming, on the other hand, typically refers to the specific practice of growing crops or raising livestock on a small scale, often on a family-owned or small-scale farm. Farming is a more general term that can include various types of agriculture, such as:

1. Subsistence farming: producing food for personal consumption
2. Commercial farming: producing goods for sale
3. Organic farming: using natural methods to grow crops without synthetic fertilizers or pesticides
4. Permaculture: designing sustainable ecosystems that mimic natural systems

Key differences between agriculture and farming:

• Agriculture is a broader term that encompasses a wider range of activities and industries, while farming is more specific to the actual practice of growing crops or raising livestock.
• Agriculture is often used in a more formal or academic context, while farming is often used in everyday language.

To illustrate the difference:

• “The agricultural industry is growing rapidly due to advances in technology.” (Here, agriculture refers to the broader industry.)
• “I’m going to my grandfather’s farm this weekend.” (Here, farming refers to the specific practice of growing crops or raising livestock.)

In summary, agriculture is the umbrella term that covers various aspects of producing food and other products from the land, while farming is a specific type of agriculture that focuses on small-scale production for personal or commercial purposes.