Analyze the Indian Constitution’s provision on the right to life. (200 Words) [UPPSC 2019]
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The Constitution of India is considered as supreme law of India. This is a written document which lays down the framework demarcating fundamental basic code, structure, procedures, powers, and duties of Government and its organizations and rights & duties of the citizen. The term life represents utmost importance as it is one of the most essential for human existence. Right to life is fundamental right and is one of the pivotal rights enriched in the Constitution of India. Right to life is guaranteed under Article 21 of Constitution of India stated as:
“No person shall be deprived of his life or personal liberty except according to procedure established by law.”
It ensures that no individual can be deprived of their life or personal liberty arbitrarily. It mandates that if any such deprivation exists, it must be in accordance with the procedure established by law, which means the process must be fair, reasonable, and just.
Article 21 includes not just the right to be alive but also the right to live with human dignity, right to privacy, right to a healthy environment, right to education, right to health, and right to fair trial. While it guarantees protection against arbitrary deprivation of life and liberty, it is not absolute. The right can be restricted under certain circumstance such as Procedure Established by Law and Public Safety and Order.
As Concluded, the Right to Life under Article 21 of the Indian Constitution is an epitome of individual liberty and justice. It forms the basis for numerous other rights and freedoms and instils the essence of whole democratic nation.
Right to Life in the Constitution of India
**1. Constitutional Provisions
The Right to Life is enshrined in Article 21 of the Indian Constitution, which states: “No person shall be deprived of his life or personal liberty except according to procedure established by law.” This fundamental right is a cornerstone of the Indian Constitution, ensuring that every individual has the right to live with dignity and personal security.
**2. Judicial Interpretation and Expansion
The scope of the Right to Life has been expansively interpreted by the Supreme Court of India. Over time, the Court has broadened its ambit to include various aspects of human rights and personal liberty. Key interpretations include:
**3. Recent Developments
**4. Challenges and Enforcement
Despite the broad interpretation, enforcement of the Right to Life faces challenges. Issues such as inadequate healthcare facilities, environmental degradation, and socio-economic disparities continue to affect the realization of this right. Ensuring effective implementation of judicial directives and addressing systemic issues are crucial for upholding the Right to Life.
Conclusion
The Right to Life under Article 21 of the Indian Constitution is a dynamic and evolving right, encompassing various facets of human dignity and personal liberty. The Supreme Court’s expansive interpretation has significantly broadened its scope, making it a vital instrument for protecting and promoting individual rights in India.