What are the main obstacles to India’s efforts to reduce inequality and poverty? (200 Words) [UPPSC 2020]
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According to the Oxfam report, poverty and inequality has been discussed in an interconnected world. The reports highlights the importance of education in bridging gap and potential of disruptive technology to reduce inequality.
Despite the high economic growth, there has been high rate of poverty and inequality due to various reasons, such as:
1.limited access to education and health care due to lack of human capital development and increased vulnerability to health crisis reflected through lack of institutional delivery for children and lack of vaccination.
2. Economic vulnerability due to external shock and market fluctuations which exacerbate poverty and inequality and also due to dominance of unorganised sector(83%) and informal sector(89%) which led to poor social securities like lack of accidental compensation, lack of pension fund, poor job security, etc.
3. Poor access to training, skilling and education which deprives many of basic living opportunities.
4. Corruption and governance issues hinder the Effective implementation of poverty alleviation programs and favour the wealthy and powerful.
5. Social exclusion and discrimination towards ethnic minorities, women and people with disabilities.
6. Rising capital intensity ie more use of capital than labour, with a very low capital output ratio.
Way forward :
1. Better implementation of programs so that benefits are visible.
2. Better funding and project coordination.
3. Social auditing and project tracking.
4. Both inclusion error and exclusion error should be minimized.