Analyze critically if poverty is the primary reason of India’s rising population or if poverty is the primary cause of India’s growing population. (125 words) [2020 UPSC]
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Critical examining the relationship between population growth and poverty in India reveals a complex interplay of factors. please check both side :
1.Population Growth as a Cause of Poverty:
Resource Strain: Rapid population growth puts immense pressure on limited resources such as land, water and food. As the population increases , the per capita availability of resources decrease, leading to poverty.
2. Poverty as a Cause of population Increases:
here is 3 points.
1. Lack of awareness: Poverty often correlates with low education and lack of awareness about family planning. Poor families may not have access to contraceptive or information about family planning method.
2. Socio-cultural Factors: Poverty can lead to early marriage and larger family size. Sons are often seen as economic assets, leading to a desire for more children.
3. Health care access: Poor families may lack access to healthcare,leading to higher child mortality rate. to compensate, they have more children, hopping some will survive.
3. Vicious cycle:
Here is 2 points available
(a) The relationship between population growth and poverty is circular. Poverty leads to population increases, which in turn exacerbates poverty.
(b) Breaking this cycle requires addressing both poverty and population growth simultaneously.
4. Population intervention:
Here are 3 main topic.
* Education: Promoting education and awareness about family planning can empower individuals to make information choices.
* Healthcare: Access to quality healthcare, especially reproduction health services is crucial.
*Economic Opportunities: Creating jobs and improving livelihoods can reduce dependency ratios and alleviate poverty.
Population and Poverty: A Critical Examination
Population as a Cause of Poverty: High population growth can strain resources, limit access to education, and create challenges in healthcare, exacerbating poverty. Example: Rapid urbanization in cities like Mumbai has led to overcrowded slums with inadequate services, deepening poverty.
Poverty as a Cause of Population Growth: Poverty often drives higher birth rates due to lack of access to family planning, education, and healthcare. Example: In rural areas, limited resources and educational opportunities contribute to higher fertility rates, perpetuating the cycle of poverty.
Interconnected Relationship: The relationship between population growth and poverty is bidirectional. While high population can worsen poverty, poverty also contributes to higher population growth due to limited access to family planning and education.
Conclusion: Both factors are interconnected. Addressing poverty through improved education, healthcare, and economic opportunities can help stabilize population growth and reduce poverty in India.