The working class movements in pre-independent India can be separated into specific phases.

First Phase (1850-1890):

• Unstructured and Starts Slow: At first, the working class did not have a solid plan and was kind of all over the place, making it hard for them to create a big impact.
• Charitable Efforts: People tried to help the workers, but it was more like small acts of kindness and only with specific issues.
• Mineworkers and Plantation: Even though these workers were being taken advantage of, not many individuals were looking out for them at first.
• Cotton and Jute Industry Workers:  These workers started getting more attention because their struggles were noticed and supported by the public.

Second Phase(1890-1918):

• Arising of Association: Towards the end of the 1800s in Madras and early 1900s in Bombay, workers started forming groups to stand up for their Rights.
• Swadeshi Movements: Between 1903 and 1918, there was a big push to improve working conditions, especially in the “Cotton and Jute industries.” This period was a turning point as it showed a move towards more organized actions to tackle the struggles that the working class encountered.

Third Phase(1918-1947):

• Resurgence of Movements: From 1915 to 1922 the workers’ movements got more intense, especially during the “Home-Rule Movements and non-Cooperation Movement.
• Integration with nationalism: These movements became part of the bigger fight for independence against colonial rule.