Organic farming in India has undergone significant evolution over the past decade, driven by growing demand for chemical-free produce and government initiatives. Key developments include:

1. Increased adoption: Organic farming area has grown from 0.65 million hectares in 2010-11 to 2.82 million hectares in 2020-21.

2. Government schemes: Initiatives like the National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA), Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana (PKVY), and Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana (RKVY) have promoted organic farming.

3. Certification and standards: India has developed its own organic standards, the National Programme for Organic Production (NPOP), and has also adopted international standards like USDA Organic.

4. Market growth: Domestic and export markets for organic produce have expanded, with India becoming one of the top organic producers globally.

5. Diversification: Organic farming has moved beyond traditional crops like cotton and spices to include fruits, vegetables, and millets.

6. Farmer empowerment: Organic farming has improved livelihoods and incomes for small and marginal farmers.

7. Research and development: Focus on developing new organic technologies and improving existing ones.

8. State initiatives: States like Sikkim, Goa, and Kerala have made significant progress in adopting organic farming practices.

9. Private sector involvement: Increased participation of private companies in organic farming, processing, and marketing.

10. Challenges: Despite progress, challenges persist, including high certification costs, lack of awareness, and limited market access.

1. Overall, organic farming in India has made significant strides, but continued support and innovation are needed to overcome remaining challenges and achieve greater adoption.