The theory of Communism proposed by Karl Marx had a high influence but was unrealistic regarding human nature and assumptions of economic reality. It simplified very complex and social economy systems, showing that they actually follow a linear trend towards a classless society. Thus, in practice, Communist regimes usually fell back into authoritarianism with a few having all the power resulting in economic stagnation and rampant human rights abuses.

The iron grip of central planning the USSR used in suppressing individual freedoms stopped their economic growth and innovation. It goes that for USSR, the chances are it would have resulted in something far better if they had allowed a more market economy than introducing private enterprise in competition. Further liberalization politically and economically and human rights respect would create a society more dynamic and prosperous. However, these strategic bureaucratic and ideological barriers had proved unsurmountable, thus leading to total collapse in the end of the Soviet Union.