The potential health effects of consuming genetically modified (GM) foods are a topic of ongoing scientific research and debate. Key concerns and considerations include:

1. **Allergenicity**: There is a possibility that GM foods could introduce new allergens or increase levels of existing allergens. While GM foods undergo testing to identify potential allergens, the long-term effects remain uncertain.

2. **Toxicity**: GM foods are evaluated for toxicological safety before approval. However, concerns persist about the potential for unintended effects, such as the production of new toxins or changes in natural toxin levels.

3. **Nutritional Changes**: Genetic modifications could alter the nutritional profile of foods. While some GM foods are designed to have enhanced nutritional benefits, such as Golden Rice with increased Vitamin A, there is concern about unintended changes in nutrient levels.

4. **Antibiotic Resistance**: Some GM crops contain antibiotic-resistant genes used during the modification process. There is concern that these genes could transfer to human gut bacteria, potentially contributing to antibiotic resistance.

5. **Long-term Health Effects**: The long-term health effects of GM foods are still unknown. While current studies have not shown significant health risks, long-term and comprehensive studies are necessary to fully understand potential impacts.

Regulatory agencies, such as the FDA, EFSA, and WHO, review GM foods for safety. These reviews include assessments of allergenicity, toxicity, and nutritional content. Overall, while current evidence does not conclusively show that GM foods pose significant health risks, ongoing research and monitoring are essential to ensure their safety.