Biotechnology serves as a potent tool in the development of crops resilient to environmental stresses such as drought and salinity. By harnessing the power of genetic engineering, scientists can introduce desirable traits into crops, enhancing their ability to withstand adverse conditions. For instance, genes conferring drought tolerance, such as those responsible for efficient water uptake and utilization, can be integrated into crop genomes. Similarly, genes enabling salt resistance, including those that facilitate ion exclusion or osmotic adjustment, can be incorporated. Moreover, biotechnology aids in the identification of stress-responsive genes, providing valuable insights into the underlying mechanisms of plant tolerance. These advancements hold immense promise for ensuring food security and agricultural sustainability in a changing climate, where such stresses pose significant challenges to crop production.