Climate change is predicted to significantly impact sea levels through several mechanisms. The primary driver is the thermal expansion of seawater as global temperatures rise, causing ocean water to expand and increase sea levels. Additionally, the melting of glaciers and ice sheets in Greenland and Antarctica contributes to rising sea levels, as the added freshwater from these sources flows into the oceans.

The loss of ice from these regions is accelerating, further exacerbating sea level rise. Coastal areas are particularly vulnerable, with predictions suggesting that sea levels could rise by up to 1 meter or more by the end of the century under high-emission scenarios. This increase threatens to inundate low-lying coastal regions, leading to increased flooding, erosion, and habitat loss. Cities and communities situated along coastlines may face severe impacts, including damage to infrastructure, displacement of populations, and significant economic costs. Adaptation and mitigation strategies are crucial to manage these anticipated effects.