The novel “Bachelor of Arts” by R.K. Narayan explores several themes, reflecting both the personal growth of the protagonist and broader societal issues.

Search for Identity and Self-Discovery:

1. • The protagonist, Chandran, embarks on a journey of self-discovery after completing his college education. He grapples with the expectations of society and his own aspirations, symbolizing the universal quest for identity during the transition from youth to adulthood.
2. Education and Its Limitations:
   • The novel critiques the education system, portraying it as overly rigid and detached from practical realities. Chandran’s experiences highlight the disconnect between academic learning and real-life challenges.
3. Tradition vs. Modernity:
   • Chandran’s struggles reflect the tension between traditional values and the allure of modernity. This theme is evident in his romantic aspirations, career ambitions, and the expectations of his conservative family.
4. Romantic Love and Disillusionment:
   • Chandran’s infatuation and subsequent heartbreak with Malathi depict the romantic idealism and disillusionment experienced by young adults. His emotional journey underscores the complexities of love and the pain of unfulfilled desires.
5. Family and Societal Expectations:
   • The novel examines the pressures exerted by family and society on individuals. Chandran’s decisions are influenced by familial expectations, particularly regarding marriage and career, illustrating the conflict between personal desires and social obligations.
6. Cultural Context and Indian Middle-Class Life:
   • Set in pre-independence India, the novel provides a snapshot of middle-class life in the fictional town of Malgudi. It portrays the social norms, cultural practices, and everyday life of this community, offering insights into the socio-cultural milieu of the time.