Roadmap for Answer Writing 1. Introduction Contextualize gender equality in the Indian Constitution: Start by briefly mentioning the importance of gender equality as a constitutional value in India. Explain that gender equality is fundamental for achieving justice and fairness in society. State the ...
Model Answer Introduction The Indian Constitution is often referred to as a "living document" because of its ability to adapt to the evolving needs of society. Through a combination of amendments and judicial interpretations, it has consistently reflected the changing aspirations of the people and tRead more
Model Answer
Introduction
The Indian Constitution is often referred to as a “living document” because of its ability to adapt to the evolving needs of society. Through a combination of amendments and judicial interpretations, it has consistently reflected the changing aspirations of the people and the state. This flexibility is ensured by provisions in both the Legislature (Article 368) and the Judiciary (Articles 13 and 32).
Key Amendments and Evolution
Equitable Distribution
Post-independence, the Constitution was amended to address economic disparities. For instance, the First Constitutional Amendment Act, 1951 inserted Article 31A, allowing the state to acquire estates for public welfare, addressing inequalities between landowners and tillers.
Decentralization
In 1992, the 73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendments empowered local self-government by establishing Panchayati Raj Institutions and urban local bodies, promoting grassroots democracy and decentralization of power.
Digitisation and Data Privacy
With technological advancements, the Puttaswamy vs. Union of India case (2017) expanded the scope of Article 21 by recognizing the right to privacy as a fundamental right, reflecting the need for digital rights protection in governance.
Affirmative Action
The 103rd Constitutional Amendment Act, 2019 introduced a 10% reservation for Economically Weaker Sections (EWS), showing the Constitution’s adaptability in addressing new forms of inequality.
Political Stability
The 52nd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1985 added the Tenth Schedule, aimed at preventing political defections, thus ensuring political stability in the country.
Conclusion
The Basic Structure Doctrine, established in the Kesavananda Bharati case (1973), ensures that while the Constitution can evolve through amendments, its core values remain intact. The Indian Constitution, through its flexible framework, continues to meet contemporary challenges, making it a dynamic and living document that resonates with the changing socio-political landscape.
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Model Answer Introduction Gender equality is a cornerstone of the Indian Constitution, embodying the nation’s commitment to providing equal rights and opportunities for all genders. This commitment is reflected in multiple constitutional provisions, and has been strengthened through progressive judiRead more
Model Answer
Introduction
Gender equality is a cornerstone of the Indian Constitution, embodying the nation’s commitment to providing equal rights and opportunities for all genders. This commitment is reflected in multiple constitutional provisions, and has been strengthened through progressive judicial interpretations and legal reforms.
Significance of Gender Equality in the Indian Constitution
Conclusion
The Indian Constitution provides a solid foundation for gender equality, enshrining it as both a fundamental right and an essential element of a just and equitable society. The ongoing interpretation and implementation of these provisions continue to guide India’s journey toward a more inclusive and egalitarian society.
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