Pitt’s India Act of 1784 was a landmark legislation that significantly impacted the governance of British India. Here’s an analysis of its significance –

Establishment of Parliamentary Control –

• The act established the Board of Control, a parliamentary body responsible for overseeing the East India Company’s affairs.
• The Board of Control had the power to supervise the company’s affairs including its administrative, military and financial activities.

Limitations on the East India Company’s Powers –

• The act restricted the company’s authority to make treaties, declare war or acquire new territories without the approval of the Board of Control.
• The act prohibited the company’s officials from engaging in private trade, reducing corruption and the company’s influence.

Significance and Impact –

• Pitt’s India Act marked a significant shift from company rule to parliamentary control laying the foundation for the eventual transfer of power to the British Crown.
• The act introduced greater accountability and transparency in the governance of British India, reducing the company’s autonomy and increasing parliamentary oversight.
• Pitt’s India Act set a precedent for future reforms including the Charter Act of 1813 and the Government of India Act of 1858 which further increased parliamentary control and eventually led to the establishment of the British Raj.