Goods and Services Tax (GST) is a comprehensive indirect tax implemented in India on July 1, 2017. It replaces multiple central and state taxes, creating a unified tax structure for goods and services to simplify compliance and reduce tax evasion.

GST has four main slabs: 5%, 12%, 18%, and 28%. Certain essential goods and services may also attract a zero rate.

However, GST has some shortcomings, such as complex compliance procedures that can burden small businesses. Additionally, the high tax rates on certain essential items have drawn criticism, and delays in the refund process can hinder cash flow for businesses. These issues continue to be areas for improvement in the GST framework.

Women empowerment refers to enhancing women’s rights, autonomy, and participation in economic, social, and political spheres, enabling them to make independent choices and access opportunities.

In the Budget 2023-24, several provisions were made for women empowerment in India. The government allocated funds for educational programs aimed at increasing female literacy and skill development, promoting job opportunities for women. Support for “Women Self-Help Groups” was emphasized, providing financial aid and training to enhance entrepreneurship. Health initiatives focused on improving maternal and reproductive health services. Additionally, measures were introduced to ensure women’s safety and security, including funding for women-centric programs and initiatives to promote gender equality, fostering a more inclusive environment for women to thrive in various sectors.

The sex ratio significantly impacts a country’s development by influencing social stability, economic growth, and health outcomes. A balanced sex ratio promotes women’s participation in education and the workforce, leading to improved productivity and innovation. Conversely, imbalances can cause societal issues, affecting overall economic and social progress.

Uttarakhand has implemented several initiatives for skill enhancement, including the “Mukhyamantri Skill Development Scheme” and participation in the “National Skill Development Mission.” These efforts involve training programs across various sectors, organizing job fairs, and providing financial assistance for self-employment, aimed at improving employability and boosting local workforce capacity.

Uttarakhand faces significant unemployment, particularly among youth. To reduce it, focus on expanding skill development programs, promoting entrepreneurship, investing in tourism and agriculture, and encouraging local industries. Additionally, improving the education system to align with market demands can enhance employability and job opportunities.