The carrying capacity of the environment refers to the maximum number of individuals or activities an environment can support without causing significant negative impacts. It includes factors like resource availability, habitat space, and the ability to absorb waste and regenerate.

**Need for Sustainable Tourism in India’s Hilly Areas:**

1. **Environmental Preservation**: Hilly areas like the Himalayas are ecologically sensitive. Sustainable tourism ensures that natural resources, such as forests, water bodies, and wildlife, are protected. Over-tourism can lead to deforestation, water pollution, and habitat destruction.

2. **Cultural Integrity**: Hilly regions often have unique cultures and traditions. Sustainable tourism respects and preserves local customs and heritage, preventing them from being overshadowed by mass tourism.

3. **Economic Benefits**: Sustainable tourism can provide long-term economic benefits to local communities. By promoting eco-friendly practices, locals can engage in tourism without depleting their natural resources, ensuring continued income.

4. **Quality of Life**: Limiting the number of tourists to match the carrying capacity reduces overcrowding and strain on local infrastructure. This improves the quality of life for residents and provides a better experience for visitors.

5. **Climate Change Mitigation**: Sustainable tourism practices, such as reducing carbon footprints and promoting eco-friendly transportation, help mitigate climate change impacts, which are particularly severe in hilly areas.

In conclusion, sustainable tourism is essential for protecting India’s hilly areas, ensuring that these regions can continue to thrive ecologically, culturally, and economically.