Synthetic biology can impact agriculture and food security in developing countries in several ways:
Positive Implications:
1. **Increased crop yields** by developing pest-resistant and stress-tolerant crops.
2. **Improved nutritional quality** of crops to address deficiencies.
3. **Drought and salinity tolerance** to improve resilience in harsh conditions.
4. **Reduced need for chemical inputs** like fertilizers and pesticides.
5. **Longer shelf life** for crops to reduce post-harvest losses.
6. **Sustainable farming practices** that enhance soil health and reduce environmental impact.

Negative Implications:
1. **Ethical and safety concerns** about GMOs and their long-term effects.
2. **Economic disparities** due to high costs of technology for smallholder farmers.
3. **Market dependence** on foreign biotechnology firms.
4. **Biodiversity loss** from focusing on a few genetically modified crops.
5. **Regulatory and legal challenges** related to the misuse or unintended consequences of new technologies.
6. **Social and cultural resistance** to new technologies.