India aims to achieve net-zero emissions by 2070, and nuclear energy is set to play a crucial role in this transition. As the country grapples with the dual challenges of meeting its burgeoning energy demands and reducing its carbon footprint, nuclear power offers a sustainable and reliable solution. By providing a stable base-load power source, nuclear energy can complement renewable sources like solar and wind, which are intermittent in nature.

Floating nuclear reactors and small modular reactors (SMRs) are innovative technologies that will significantly contribute to India’s energy strategy. Floating nuclear reactors, which can be deployed offshore or in coastal areas, provide a versatile and scalable solution to meet regional energy needs without the extensive infrastructure typically required for traditional nuclear plants. These reactors can be transported and installed in areas with limited space or difficult terrain, thus expanding the potential sites for nuclear energy production.

SMRs, on the other hand, are designed to be more economical and safer than conventional reactors. Their modular nature allows for incremental capacity additions, making them suitable for a phased approach to energy expansion. SMRs can be integrated into the existing grid or used in remote or underserved areas, providing a reliable power source where large-scale plants are impractical. The enhanced safety features and reduced risk of catastrophic failure make SMRs an attractive option for India’s diverse and densely populated regions.