Evergreen forests in India are primarily located in the Western Ghats, the northeastern states, and parts of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. The Western Ghats, stretching along the western coast, are known for their rich biodiversity and dense vegetation. In the northeast, states like Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, and Meghalaya feature lush evergreen forests due to heavy rainfall. These forests are characterized by tall trees that retain their leaves throughout the year, creating a vibrant ecosystem. They play a crucial role in maintaining ecological balance, supporting wildlife, and providing resources like timber, medicinal plants, and habitat for various species.

The Tapti River, also known as Tapi, is one of the major rivers in central India. It originates in the Satpura Range of Madhya Pradesh and flows westward, covering a distance of approximately 724 kilometers before emptying into the Arabian Sea near Surat in Gujarat. The river traverses through the states of Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, and Gujarat, and is flanked by fertile valleys, supporting agriculture and local communities. The Tapti River basin is rich in biodiversity and plays a crucial role in irrigation and water supply. It is also historically significant, having served as a trade route in ancient times.

The type of rainfall that occurs by mountain ranges is called orographic rainfall. This phenomenon happens when moist air is forced to rise over mountains or high terrain. As the air ascends, it cools and condenses, leading to cloud formation and precipitation on the windward side of the mountain. The resulting rainfall is often heavy, contributing to lush vegetation in these areas. Conversely, the leeward side, known as the rain shadow, experiences significantly less rainfall, leading to drier conditions. Orographic rainfall is vital for maintaining water supply and supporting ecosystems in mountainous regions around the world.