Answer the question in maximum 50 words/5 to 6 lines. This question carries 05 marks. [MPPSC 2022] For what reason is BF a Lewis acid and NH a Lewis base? Describe.
To estimate the reaction time of a ruler dropped under free fall, we can use principles from kinematics. Here’s a step-by-step solution, including recent examples for clarity: 1. Understanding Free Fall and Kinematics In free fall, the distance traveled ddd can be described by the equation: d=12gt2dRead more
To estimate the reaction time of a ruler dropped under free fall, we can use principles from kinematics. Here’s a step-by-step solution, including recent examples for clarity:
1. Understanding Free Fall and Kinematics
In free fall, the distance traveled d can be described by the equation: d=21gt2 where g is the acceleration due to gravity (approximately 9.8m/s2) and t is the time in seconds.
2. Calculating the Time for Free Fall
Given:
- Distance traveled d=21cm=0.21m
We need to find t. Rearranging the formula to solve for t: t=g2d Substitute the values: t=9.82×0.21 t=9.80.42 t=0.04286 t≈0.207seconds
So, the reaction time of the ruler, given the distance it traveled, is approximately 0.207 seconds.
3. Real-World Example
This estimation process is similar to practical experiments used in physics education, such as timing the fall of an object to determine gravity’s effect. For instance, in a physics lab experiment with a drop timer or reaction time tester, students use similar calculations to understand and measure reaction times and free-fall physics.
Conclusion
In this case, the reaction time, given that the ruler falls 21 cm, is approximately 0.207 seconds. This estimation assumes ideal conditions with no air resistance or other external factors affecting the fall.
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Understanding NH₃ as a Lewis Base and BF₃ as a Lewis Acid In the context of Lewis acid-base theory, NH₃ (Ammonia) acts as a Lewis base, and BF₃ (Boron Trifluoride) acts as a Lewis acid. This classification is based on their ability to donate or accept electron pairs, respectively. Let's explore thisRead more
Understanding NH₃ as a Lewis Base and BF₃ as a Lewis Acid
In the context of Lewis acid-base theory, NH₃ (Ammonia) acts as a Lewis base, and BF₃ (Boron Trifluoride) acts as a Lewis acid. This classification is based on their ability to donate or accept electron pairs, respectively. Let’s explore this with some recent examples and a detailed explanation.
Lewis Acid-Base Theory
NH₃ as a Lewis Base
Ammonia (NH₃) is classified as a Lewis base because it has a lone pair of electrons on the nitrogen atom that it can donate to a Lewis acid. Here’s why:
Recent Example: In the synthesis of urea from ammonia and carbon dioxide, NH₃ acts as a Lewis base by donating its lone pair to form a complex with carbon dioxide. This reaction is crucial in agriculture for producing fertilizers, which are essential for modern crop production.
BF₃ as a Lewis Acid
Boron Trifluoride (BF₃) is classified as a Lewis acid because it has an incomplete octet and can accept a pair of electrons. Here’s why:
Recent Example: BF₃ is often used in Friedel-Crafts alkylation and acylation reactions in organic synthesis. In these reactions, BF₃ acts as a Lewis acid by accepting electron pairs from the aromatic compound or other reactants, facilitating the formation of new carbon-carbon bonds. This is particularly significant in the pharmaceutical industry for synthesizing complex organic molecules.
Conclusion
To summarize, NH₃ is a Lewis base due to its ability to donate a lone pair of electrons, whereas BF₃ is a Lewis acid because it can accept electron pairs to complete its electron deficiency. These properties are not only fundamental to understanding chemical reactivity but also have practical applications in various chemical processes and industrial reactions.
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