Answer the question in maximum 200 words. This question carries 11 marks. [MPPSC 2023] How many types of earth resources satellites are there? Describe briefly.
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The origin of the Earth has been a topic of much debate and speculation among scientists for centuries. Two widely accepted theories that attempt to explain the origin of our planet are the Nebular Hypothesis and the Giant Impact Hypothesis.The solar system is a vast and fascinating place, with eachRead more
The origin of the Earth has been a topic of much debate and speculation among scientists for centuries. Two widely accepted theories that attempt to explain the origin of our planet are the Nebular Hypothesis and the Giant Impact Hypothesis.The solar system is a vast and fascinating place, with each planet having its own unique characteristics. Earth, our home planet, is a special place that supports a wide range of life forms and ecosystems.
Nebular Hypothesis
Proposed By: Immanuel Kant (1755) and further developed by Pierre-Simon Laplace (1796).
Main Idea:
The Solar System formed from a large, rotating cloud of gas and dust called the solar nebula.
The nebula collapsed under gravity, causing it to spin faster and flatten into a disk.
The Sun formed at the center, and planetesimals coalesced from material in the disk to form planets.
Key Features:
Explains the orderly rotation and revolution of planets.
Accounts for the compositional differences between inner (terrestrial) and outer (gas giants) planets.
Criticism:
Fails to explain the observed angular momentum distribution in the Solar System.
Planetesimal Hypothesis
Proposed By: Thomas C. Chamberlin and Forest R. Moulton (1904).
Main Idea:
Planets formed from small, solid particles called planetesimals.
A nearby star’s gravitational pull caused material from the Sun to condense into planetesimals.
These planetesimals collided and coalesced to form planets.
Key Features:
Emphasizes the role of gravitational attraction and collision in planetary formation.
Supported by evidence of asteroid and meteorite composition.
Criticism:
Relies on a nearby stellar encounter, which is statistically improbable.
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anitha samyBegginer
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The Biotechnology has introduced many innovative technologies that transformed the traditional Agricultural into Modern Agricultural. These innovative approaches improve crop production, Make the plant pest resistance without the use of chemical, increase the shelf life of the plant and increaseRead more
The Biotechnology has introduced many innovative technologies that transformed the traditional Agricultural into Modern Agricultural.
These innovative approaches improve crop production, Make the plant pest resistance without the use of chemical, increase the shelf life of the plant and increase the quality of the plant Products.
The Use of GMO (Genetically Modified Plant)- This techniques cause change in the genome of the plant so that whenever any pest attacked it released the chemical which kill the pest. The modified plant is called the Transgenic plant.
Tissue Culture and Micropropagation– Tissue culture techniques allow for the rapid and large-scale propagation of plants from a small tissue sample, ensuring uniformity and health of plants and for production of disease free plant Micropropagation can produce disease-free planting material like bananas and potatoes.
Biopesticides and Biofertilizers – the use of biopesticides and fertilizers reduce the use of chemical fertilizers. Biopesticides derived from natural organisms (such as bacteria, fungi, and viruses) provide environmentally friendly alternatives to chemical pesticides
Biotechnology in modern agriculture offers promising solutions to many of the challenges faced by traditional farming methods. It enhances crop productivity, promotes sustainable practices, and helps ensure food security in the face of a growing global population and changing climate conditions.
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Varanya DwivediBegginer
Why organic products are so expensive? How can even the middle class afford it? Has living a healthy life become so expensive?
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They are expensive due to the following reasons: 1. Higher Labor Costs: Organic farming relies on manual methods for pest control and weed management, increasing labor expenses. 2. Lower Yields: Organic farms avoid synthetic fertilizers and growth hormones, often resulting in lower crop yields and hRead more
They are expensive due to the following reasons:
1. Higher Labor Costs: Organic farming relies on manual methods for pest control and weed management, increasing labor expenses.
2. Lower Yields: Organic farms avoid synthetic fertilizers and growth hormones, often resulting in lower crop yields and higher production costs.
3. Certification Costs: Organic certification requires regular inspections and compliance with strict standards, adding to costs.
4. Sustainable Practices: Emphasizing eco-friendly methods, organic farming often incurs additional expenses for sustainable practices.
Making Organic Products Affordable
1. Buy in Bulk: Purchasing larger quantities can reduce the per-unit cost of organic products.
2. Seasonal Produce: Buying fruits and vegetables in season can be cheaper due to higher availability.
3. Local Farmers’ Markets: Shopping locally can provide fresher and sometimes more affordable organic options.
4. Community-Supported Agriculture (CSA): Joining a CSA program allows for purchasing shares of a farm’s harvest in advance, often at a reduced cost.
Healthy Living Without High Costs
1. Whole, Minimally Processed Foods: Prioritize these even if they’re not organic, as they still offer significant health benefits.
2. Plant-Based Meals: Incorporate more affordable plant-based meals into your diet.
3. Reduce Food Waste: Plan meals and use leftovers to avoid wasting food and money.
4. Cook at Home: Preparing meals at home is generally cheaper and healthier than eating out.
Using these strategies, students and families can maintain a healthy lifestyle without overspending.
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atiqashaikh29Begginer
How does biotechnology contribute to advancements in medicine and healthcare?
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Biotechnology is a multidisciplinary field that aims for the betterment of human development. It plays a vital role in the field of healthcare sector providing different diagnostic approaches. Red biotechnology (medical) aims to treat various diseases by researching the molecular process of infectioRead more
Biotechnology is a multidisciplinary field that aims for the betterment of human development.
- It plays a vital role in the field of healthcare sector providing different diagnostic approaches.
- Red biotechnology (medical) aims to treat various diseases by researching the molecular process of infectious agents.
- Advancements have been made in the field of cancer biology and different strategies have been developed to treat them eg: with CAR-t cell therapy.
- The field has been revolutionizing and the development of personalized medicine will enable a person based on their lifestyle, genetic makeup, etc.
- Vaccine technology is gaining more attention since COVID-19.
- It focuses on using microorganisms including strain development, providing appropriate conditions, and enhancing its production.
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Sandhwi RanjanBegginer
What are the applications of ELISA?
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ELISA’s versatility spans diagnostics, research, environmental monitoring, and quality assurance in various industries worldwide, showcasing its indispensable role in modern scientific and medical practices. Following are some of the applications of ELISA: 1. Medical Diagnostics: - ELISA is pivotalRead more
ELISA’s versatility spans diagnostics, research, environmental monitoring, and quality assurance in various industries worldwide, showcasing its indispensable role in modern scientific and medical practices. Following are some of the applications of ELISA:
1. Medical Diagnostics:
– ELISA is pivotal in HIV/AIDS testing, detecting antibodies to screen for infection.
– It identifies autoantibodies in autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus.
2. Research and Development:
– Quantifies proteins accurately, crucial for biomedical research and drug development.
– Detects cytokines to understand immune responses and inflammation.
3. Food Safety and Environmental Monitoring:
– Detects allergens like peanuts or gluten in food products, ensuring safety.
– Identifies environmental pollutants such as pesticides in samples, aiding in monitoring and regulation.
4. Drug Testing:
– Monitors therapeutic drug levels in patient blood samples to optimize treatment.
– Screens for illicit drugs and performance-enhancing substances in forensic and sports testing.
5. Veterinary Medicine:
– Diagnoses diseases like parvovirus in animals through antibody detection.
– Monitors immune responses to vaccines in veterinary settings.
6. Biotechnology and Quality Control:
– Quantifies antibodies in biotechnological processes to ensure product quality.
– Tests batches of pharmaceuticals for consistency and efficacy.
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Sujeet Mehrotra_Scholar
Discuss how biotechnology can be a sunrise sector in India.
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Biotechnology can become a sunrise sector in India due to its vast potential for innovation and growth. The country’s rich biodiversity provides a wealth of genetic material for developing new drugs, therapies, and agricultural advancements. Strong government support, through initiatives like the NaRead more
Biotechnology can become a sunrise sector in India due to its vast potential for innovation and growth. The country’s rich biodiversity provides a wealth of genetic material for developing new drugs, therapies, and agricultural advancements. Strong government support, through initiatives like the National Biotechnology Development Strategy and the Biotechnology Industry Research Assistance Council (BIRAC), fosters a conducive environment for growth.
India’s robust research infrastructure, with institutions like CSIR and ICAR, along with a skilled workforce of life science professionals, further strengthens the sector. The existing pharmaceutical and healthcare infrastructure offers a solid foundation for biopharmaceutical advancements. Agricultural biotechnology can significantly enhance crop yields and food security, benefiting a large agrarian population.
Economic potential is high, with opportunities for domestic and international investment and collaborations, boosting innovation and market expansion. A developing regulatory framework aims to ensure safe and ethical biotech practices, encouraging industry growth.
Challenges such as funding, infrastructure, regulatory hurdles, public perception, and intellectual property rights need addressing. However, with strategic investments, supportive policies, and robust public-private partnerships, biotechnology in India can drive economic growth, job creation, and solutions in healthcare, agriculture, and the environment.
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Solution: The process through which a protein structure takes on its functional shape or conformation is known as protein folding. It starts with the production of a polypeptide chain, which is a linear sequence of amino acids that goes through a series of complex transformations to become a stable,Read more
Solution:
- The process through which a protein structure takes on its functional shape or conformation is known as protein folding.
- It starts with the production of a polypeptide chain, which is a linear sequence of amino acids that goes through a series of complex transformations to become a stable, three-dimensional structure. This process is critical because the structure of a protein influence its function in biological systems.
- Many forces, like as hydrogen bonding, ionic interactions, Van der Waals forces, and hydrophobic packing, have an impact on the folding process.
- Before taking on their ultimate form, proteins can go through intermediate phases during folding called molten globules. This process is frequently aided by molecular chaperones, which guarantee proper protein folding and inhibit aggregation.
- Misfolding can result in non-functional or toxic proteins, which are linked to disorders like Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and cystic fibrosis.
- Understanding protein folding is important in domains such as drug design and biotechnology because it can assist develop treatments that target misfolded proteins or engineer proteins with desired features.
An Earth Resource Satellite (ERS) is a spacecraft designed to study and monitor the Earth's natural resources, atmosphere, oceans, land surfaces and natural phenomena providing valuable data for scientific research, management and conservation.There are five main types of Earth Resource Satellites (Read more
An Earth Resource Satellite (ERS) is a spacecraft designed to study and monitor the Earth’s natural resources, atmosphere, oceans, land surfaces and natural phenomena providing valuable data for scientific research, management and conservation.There are five main types of Earth Resource Satellites (ERS) categorized based on their primary applications –
Earth Resource Satellites play a vital role in monitoring and managing natural resources, predicting disasters and aiding conservation efforts. Their data enables informed decision making, promoting sustainable development, environmental protection and improved resource utilization, benefiting humanity and the planet.
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