The enactment of the Lokpal and Lokayuktas Act, 2013 was to meet the need of establishing Institutions for redress of grievances relating to corruption in public administration. It was a positive signal in enhancing the aspects of accountability and integrity in the framework of the governance systeRead more
The enactment of the Lokpal and Lokayuktas Act, 2013 was to meet the need of establishing Institutions for redress of grievances relating to corruption in public administration. It was a positive signal in enhancing the aspects of accountability and integrity in the framework of the governance system. The key features of the act are as follows:
1. Creation of Lokpal:
An appellate tribunal to hear complain against corrupt public servants along with the Prime Ministerian and other Ministers of the Union and members of Parliament with immunity from sue.
2. Setting up Lokayuktas: The states shall constitute an institution called Lokayukta dealing with the problem of corruption at state level.
3. Autonomy and Independence:
Lokpal is a separate organization of the country which is not controlled by the government. The members are selected by a selection committee made up of the Prime Minister, the Speaker of the Lok Sabha, Leader of the opposition, the Chief Justice of India or any supreme court judge.
4. Prosecution Powers: Lokpal can direct the CBI to register cases and also to enforce prosecution of such cases.
5. Whistleblower Protection:
Corruption and criminal conduct in public offices and space are protected from exposure according to the Act.
Effectiveness of the Act
1. Increased Accountability:
Investigative and prosecution institutions ensure that officials in public offices are held to book in case of embezzlement of public resources.
2. Decreased Bureaucratic Delay:
Corruption속치정: Lokpal shall provide independent oversight to speed up the investigation of corrupt practices.
3. Public Trust:
Through the two aspects, citizens are more likely to be guaranteed appropriate governance. Challenges and Criticism
1. Delayed Implementation:
Some of the state have lagged behind in implementing the act of Lokayuktas.
2. Limited Scope:
It is also regarded as granting immunities and numerous special measures to some officials, for example the Prime Minister.
3. Overburdening of Lokpal:
One of the issues that impact efficiency is that there are acute staff and facility deficits.
As serve as a social justice measure, the concept of Indian reservation system was introduced to provide justice to the historical injustices affected the SCs, STs and OBCs. The concept was to empower such communities lac k of formal education, employment, and political voice, in some countries forRead more
As serve as a social justice measure, the concept of Indian reservation system was introduced to provide justice to the historical injustices affected the SCs, STs and OBCs. The concept was to empower such communities lac k of formal education, employment, and political voice, in some countries for centuries, and give them a chance to level up socio-economic differences.
As much as everyone appreciated the idea in the beginning, in the later decades critics like me have realized that actually this reservation policy does not help the needy ones only in the castes. More often than not, even such non-aboriginal individuals who are considered economically deprived are locked out of these privileges. This raises a valid question: should reservation be initialized to hue out the disparity in financial terms rather than caste only? Historical Context: 1. Colonial Era and Inequity:
The caste system made unfair practicing in Indian society so severe that it totally deprived the rights and opportunities from lower castes.
2. Post-Independence Vision:
Reservation was adopted as a measure that was to be a temporary solution to a longstanding problem of discrimination of the indigenous people for several centuries.
Why Use the Concept of Economic Criteria?
1. Modern Realities:
Some of the members of the reserved categories have achievement of economic as well as social class. On the other hand, economically poor members from the so-called upper castes are barred.
2. Promoting Equality:
Reservation on grounds of economic consideration will ensure that the benefits accruing out of reservation will reach the needy, regardless of the caste system prevalent.
3. Encouraging Social Cohesion:
It is also evidenced that financial criteria often result in decreased tension and sense of injustice because of caste-based reservation.
Balancing the Approach:
The government must go for an integrated policy where the policy of affirming caste is vital based on historical injustice and in turn, the financial criterion as the basis to feed the economically delayed sections in every caste. While it will afford equity, the purpose of social upliftment will be achieved.
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