Examine the primary issues surrounding Schedule Tribes’ empowerment in India. (125 Words) [UPPSC 2019]
In India, the distinct "rationalities" of religion and cinema can complicate the assembling of public opinion and public interest in several ways - Religion and cinema operate on different logical and epistemological frameworks. Religion often relies on faith, tradition and scripture while cinema emRead more
In India, the distinct “rationalities” of religion and cinema can complicate the assembling of public opinion and public interest in several ways –
- Religion and cinema operate on different logical and epistemological frameworks. Religion often relies on faith, tradition and scripture while cinema employs narrative, emotion and visual storytelling. This divergence can lead to conflicting perspectives on issues.
- Cinema often appeals to emotions while religion can evoke strong emotional and moral commitments. In contrast, public interest and opinion often require rational evidence based discussions. The interplay between emotional and rational appeals can complicate public discourse.
- Cinema can perpetuate or challenge dominant religious and cultural narratives. However, misrepresentation or stereotyping in films can reinforce biases and prejudices influencing public opinion and interest.
- Religion and cinema can both be mobilized for identity politics where groups rally around shared beliefs, values or interests. This can lead to the polarization of public opinion and the marginalization of minority voices.
- Cinema in particular has the power to shape public perception and influence cultural narratives. When films tackle religious themes or issues they can impact how audiences understand and engage with these topics, which can in turn affect public opinion and interest.
- India’s secular and pluralistic democracy requires navigating diverse religious and cultural identities. The intersection of religion and cinema can test these values as different groups may have competing demands and expectations.
- The representation of religious minorities or marginalized groups in cinema can be fraught with power dynamics. Dominant groups may wield more influence over narratives, perpetuating biases or stereotypes that can impact public opinion.
In summary, the distinct rationalities of religion and cinema in India can complicate the assembling of public opinion and public interest by introducing divergent worldviews, emotional appeals and representations that can influence, polarize or marginalize different groups and voices.
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Problems of Empowerment of Scheduled Tribes in India 1. Economic Marginalization: Scheduled Tribes (STs) often face economic marginalization due to limited access to resources and employment opportunities. Many STs rely on traditional livelihoods like forestry and agriculture, which are increasinglyRead more
Problems of Empowerment of Scheduled Tribes in India
1. Economic Marginalization: Scheduled Tribes (STs) often face economic marginalization due to limited access to resources and employment opportunities. Many STs rely on traditional livelihoods like forestry and agriculture, which are increasingly threatened by land acquisition for industrial projects. For example, the Vedanta Mining Project in Odisha faced opposition from tribal communities due to displacement issues.
2. Educational Barriers: Access to quality education remains a significant challenge for STs. High dropout rates and lack of infrastructure in tribal areas hinder educational attainment. Recent data indicates that tribal literacy rates are still lower than the national average.
3. Health Inequality: STs experience poor health outcomes and limited access to healthcare services. Malnutrition and high infant mortality rates are prevalent. Government initiatives like the National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) aim to address these issues but challenges remain.
4. Social Exclusion: Social discrimination and cultural exclusion persist, affecting STs’ integration and representation in mainstream society. The implementation of affirmative action is often inadequate, leading to continued social and economic disparities.
Conclusion: The empowerment of Scheduled Tribes in India is hampered by economic marginalization, educational barriers, health inequalities, and social exclusion. Addressing these issues requires comprehensive policy interventions and effective implementation of welfare schemes.
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