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Indian Society

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Home/Indian Society/Page 17

Mains Answer Writing Latest Questions

Ansh
  • 1
Ansh
Asked: July 18, 2024In: ,
  • 1

  1. Chandrapal Singh
    Chandrapal Singh Begginer

    Certainly, there are some notable differences in gender equity issues between rural and urban settings that are worth highlighting: Access to Education: In many rural areas, there can be limited access to quality educational opportunities, especially for girls. Factors like long distances to schoolsRead more

    Certainly, there are some notable differences in gender equity issues between rural and urban settings that are worth highlighting:

    1. Access to Education:
      • In many rural areas, there can be limited access to quality educational opportunities, especially for girls. Factors like long distances to schools, safety concerns, and cultural norms can disproportionately affect girls’ enrollment and retention rates.
      • In contrast, urban areas generally offer more robust education infrastructure and access, providing greater opportunities for girls to pursue their educational goals.
    2. Economic Participation and Empowerment:
      • In rural settings, women may have fewer options for formal employment and economic independence, often being relegated to traditional roles in agriculture or domestic labor.
      • Urban environments can provide more diverse employment opportunities and entrepreneurial avenues for women, allowing for greater financial autonomy and decision-making power.
    3. Healthcare Access and Reproductive Rights:
      • Access to quality healthcare, including reproductive healthcare services, can be more limited in rural areas due to geographical barriers, infrastructure challenges, and socio-cultural norms.
      • Urban centers tend to have better-developed healthcare systems and more comprehensive reproductive health services, which can improve women’s overall well-being and autonomy.
    4. Political Representation and Leadership:
      • Women’s participation in local and regional decision-making processes may be constrained in rural areas due to entrenched patriarchal structures and cultural biases.
      • Urban settings can offer more opportunities for women to engage in political activities, run for office, and contribute to policy discussions that affect their communities.
    5. Exposure to Gender-based Violence:
      • Incidents of gender-based violence, such as domestic abuse and sexual assault, may be more prevalent in some rural communities due to factors like isolation, limited access to support services, and traditional power dynamics.
      • Urban areas can provide more resources and support services for survivors of gender-based violence, as well as greater visibility and awareness of these issues.

    It’s important to note that these differences are not universal, and there can be significant variations within and across rural and urban regions. Additionally, intersectional factors like socioeconomic status, race, ethnicity, and cultural norms can further shape the nature and manifestations of gender equity issues in both rural and urban settings.

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Pratham Mittal
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Pratham MittalLearner
Asked: July 14, 2024In:
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question
  1. M V
    M V Begginer

    Literature from different regions of India enriches the understanding and celebration of the country's cultural diversity by reflecting the unique histories, traditions, languages, and experiences of its people. Each region's literature provides insights into its distinct cultural identity, showcasiRead more

    Literature from different regions of India enriches the understanding and celebration of the country’s cultural diversity by reflecting the unique histories, traditions, languages, and experiences of its people. Each region’s literature provides insights into its distinct cultural identity, showcasing local customs, folklore, and social issues.

    For example, Bengali literature, with luminaries like Rabindranath Tagore, explores themes of spirituality, humanism, and social reform, reflecting Bengal’s rich intellectual and cultural heritage. In contrast, Tamil literature, with its ancient Sangam poetry and modern works, offers a deep dive into Tamil Nadu’s historical, religious, and social dynamics.

    Marathi literature, from the works of medieval saints to contemporary authors, highlights Maharashtra’s socio-political landscape and its contributions to the Bhakti movement. Gujarati literature, with writers like Mahatma Gandhi and modern novelists, emphasizes themes of non-violence, self-reliance, and the vibrant cultural ethos of Gujarat.

    The varied linguistic and narrative styles across India’s regions—from the Urdu poetry of North India to the Malayalam literature of Kerala—demonstrate the country’s linguistic diversity and complex social fabric. These regional literatures collectively contribute to a richer, more nuanced understanding of India’s cultural mosaic, fostering a greater appreciation for the diversity that defines the nation.

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Team
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TeamSupreme
Asked: August 10, 2024In:
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In addition to being an intriguing aspect of Indian society from the beginning, the spirit of love and tolerance is currently playing a significant role. Give specifics. (250 words) [UPSC 2017]

upsc: salient features of indian society
  1. Team
    Team Supreme

    Model Answer Introduction India is renowned for its vast diversity in geography, cultures, and religions. This diversity has been a hallmark of Indian society since ancient times, underpinned by the spirit of tolerance and love. Tolerance enables various beliefs, customs, and lifestyles to coexist,Read more

    Model Answer

    Introduction

    India is renowned for its vast diversity in geography, cultures, and religions. This diversity has been a hallmark of Indian society since ancient times, underpinned by the spirit of tolerance and love. Tolerance enables various beliefs, customs, and lifestyles to coexist, fostering an inclusive society that respects diversity.

    Historical Context

    The spirit of love and tolerance has been integral to Indian society throughout history:

    1. Welcoming Diverse Groups: India has always embraced various migrations, from the Aryans to multiple invasions, allowing these groups to settle and thrive. This co-existence fostered mutual respect and understanding among different communities.
    2. Philosophical Foundations: Buddhism and Jainism emerged as religions promoting tolerance and compassion during a time when Vedic traditions were increasingly rigid. These philosophies encouraged acceptance of diverse backgrounds (Source: Historical Texts).
    3. Influential Emperors: Rulers like Ashoka and Akbar actively promoted harmony among diverse groups. Their policies aimed at fostering peaceful coexistence laid the groundwork for a tolerant society (Source: Historical Accounts).
    4. Social Reform Movements: Leaders like Mahatma Gandhi championed Hindu-Muslim unity and fought against social evils such as untouchability. Their success was rooted in the tolerant nature of Indian society (Source: Biographies of Reformers).

    Contemporary Relevance

    The spirit of love and tolerance continues to be vital in modern India:

    1. Cultural Homogenization: Despite globalization, various Indian groups intermix while retaining their unique identities, demonstrating tolerance towards diverse cultures (Source: Cultural Studies).
    2. Countering Extremism: Extremist ideologies, like those of ISIS, struggle to take root in a society that values diverse perspectives. The collective belief in love and tolerance serves as a bulwark against radicalization (Source: Security Analysis).
    3. Managing Communal Disturbances: The spirit of tolerance helps contain communal tensions swiftly, even amid the spread of misinformation and provocative content on social media (Source: Social Research).
    4. Global Humanitarian Image: India has a strong record of providing refuge to those in need. Recent events, such as the evacuation of Indians from Ukraine, showcase the enduring spirit of compassion and support for fellow citizens abroad (Source: News Reports).

    Conclusion

    Despite occasional incidents of violence, Indian civilization has consistently celebrated plurality through love and tolerance. This spirit counteracts divisive forces, enabling Indian society to flourish. In an era where religion plays a significant role in politics, reinforcing the values of tolerance and love is essential for sustaining harmony and progress in the nation.

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Bhavika
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BhavikaBegginer
Asked: July 14, 2024In: , , , , , ,
  • 0

injusticestereotypeswomen
  1. shalini singh
    shalini singh Begginer

    Societal expectations for women to be polite and likable can significantly impact their ability to assert themselves and pursue leadership positions. These expectations often create a double bind where women are penalized for exhibiting assertive behaviors that are typically valued in leadership butRead more

    Societal expectations for women to be polite and likable can significantly impact their ability to assert themselves and pursue leadership positions. These expectations often create a double bind where women are penalized for exhibiting assertive behaviors that are typically valued in leadership but are perceived as less likable when displayed by women.

    For example, consider a woman named Sarah who works in a corporate setting. Sarah is ambitious and has strong leadership skills. However, when she speaks assertively in meetings, she notices that colleagues, both male and female, react differently to her compared to her male counterparts. While assertive men are often seen as confident and competent, Sarah is sometimes labeled as aggressive or bossy. This negative perception makes her hesitant to assert herself fully, fearing backlash and negative judgments.

    This internal conflict can undermine Sarah’s authority and leadership potential, leading to a lack of confidence and hesitance to take on leadership roles. Moreover, these societal norms can influence how Sarah is perceived in professional settings, resulting in fewer opportunities for her to be promoted to leadership positions, perpetuating gender inequality in the workplace.

    To address this issue, it is crucial to challenge and change societal expectations and stereotypes about gender and leadership. Encouraging environments that value diversity and inclusive leadership styles can help women like Sarah assert themselves without fear of negative repercussions, ultimately allowing more women to pursue and succeed in leadership roles

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Ashmita Dutta
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Ashmita DuttaBegginer
Asked: September 19, 2024In:
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Talk about the historical influences on India’s coexistence and religious pluralism.

upsc: diversity of india
  1. Umang Singh Yadav
    Umang Singh Yadav Expert

    India's religious pluralism and coexistence stem from ancient indigenous traditions, historical cultural exchange, constitutional secularism and social reform movements, fostering tolerance, diversity and harmony among Hindus, Muslims, Sikhs, Christians and others. Historical factors that have shapeRead more

    India’s religious pluralism and coexistence stem from ancient indigenous traditions, historical cultural exchange, constitutional secularism and social reform movements, fostering tolerance, diversity and harmony among Hindus, Muslims, Sikhs, Christians and others.

    Historical factors that have shaped religious pluralism and coexistence –

    1. The ancient period (3300 BCE – 500 CE) saw emergence of indigenous traditions like Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism and Sikhism, fostering tolerance.
    2. The medieval period (500-1750 CE) saw Islamic influences, Sufi bhakti syncretism and emperor Akbar’s tolerant policies, shaping India’s pluralistic fabric.
    3. The Mughal Era (1526-1857) promoted religious tolerance and pluralism through Emperor Akbar’s policies, Sufi Bhakti movements and multicultural administrative practices.
    4. The British Colonial Era (1858-1947) introduced secular governance, codified religious laws and fostered nationalist unity, shaping India’s modern pluralistic identity.
    5. Post independence (1947-present), India’s Constitution enshrined secularism, equality and minority rights, promoting pluralism amidst communal tensions and social reform movements.

     

    Challenges include communal tensions, extremism and social inequality while opportunities arise from interfaith dialogue, cultural exchange, education, economic development and grassroots initiatives promoting unity and inclusive growth.

     

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Team
  • 0
TeamSupreme
Asked: August 9, 2024In:
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Roadmap for Answer Writing 1. Introduction Purpose: Define secularism and its significance in India. Thesis Statement: Highlight the key differences between the Indian and Western models of secularism. 2. Definition of Secularism Key Concept: Explain secularism as the principle governing the relationship between state and ...

upsc: secularism
  1. Team
    Best Answer
    Team Supreme

    Model Answer Introduction Secularism defines the relationship between the state and religion, playing a crucial role in India's diverse social fabric. In India, secularism is understood as the state's equal regard for all religions, a principle enshrined in the Preamble of the Constitution through tRead more

    Model Answer

    Introduction

    Secularism defines the relationship between the state and religion, playing a crucial role in India’s diverse social fabric. In India, secularism is understood as the state’s equal regard for all religions, a principle enshrined in the Preamble of the Constitution through the 42nd Amendment in 1976.

    Differences in Separation of State and Religion

    One of the primary distinctions between Indian and Western secularism lies in the level of separation between state and religion. In Western countries, secularism is often interpreted as a complete separation, where the state remains entirely neutral regarding religious matters. Conversely, Indian secularism does not advocate for such separation; instead, it recognizes and respects all religions equally, allowing for state involvement where necessary.

    Engagement Between State and Religion

    The Western model maintains a strict boundary between the state and religious institutions, whereas Indian secularism promotes positive engagement. The Indian state supports minority religious institutions, facilitates religious practices, and intervenes to abolish harmful customs, such as the devadasi system and animal sacrifices. This approach reflects a belief that religion can contribute positively to social values.

    Diversity and Inclusivity

    India’s secularism is tailored to its unique religious diversity, which contrasts sharply with the Western norm, where a dominant religion may prevail. The Indian model actively promotes diverse customs and practices, recognizing that pluralism enriches society.

    Addressing Intra- and Inter-Religious Matters

    Indian secularism is broader in scope, encompassing both inter-religious conflicts and intra-religious reforms. This involves addressing social issues within communities while promoting harmony among different faiths, which is less emphasized in the Western paradigm.

    Conclusion

    In summary, the Indian concept of secularism is inherently more inclusive and engaged than its Western counterpart. By balancing religious liberty with equality and justice, the Indian model has allowed a multi-religious society to thrive peacefully, demonstrating its effectiveness in fostering social cohesion.

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Shreyas Rao
  • 1
Shreyas RaoBegginer
Asked: July 13, 2024In:
  • 1

Is the secularist ideology weak? Analyze the variables affecting India’s secularism going forward.

upsc: secularism
  1. Chandrapal Singh
    Chandrapal Singh Begginer

    Secularism is the principle of the separation of the state and government institutions from religious institutions and religious dignitaries. For India, secularism has different meanings as explained by the Supreme Court in Indra V. Rajnarayan judgement. For India, secularism means that the state shRead more

    Secularism is the principle of the separation of the state and government institutions from religious institutions and religious dignitaries. For India, secularism has different meanings as explained by the Supreme Court in Indra V. Rajnarayan judgement. For India, secularism means that the state shall have no religion of its own and all persons of the country shall be equally entitled to the freedom of their conscience and have the right freely to profess, practice and propagate any religion.

    Secularism And Constitution Of India

    Word “secular” for India is mentioned in the preamble of the constitution of India. The Secularism as contemplated by the Constitution of India in its various provisions has the following distinguishing features.

    1. The state will not identify itself with nor be controlled by any religion.
    2. While the state guarantees to everyone the right to profess whatever religion one chooses to follow, it will not accord any preferential treatment to any of them.
    3. No discrimination will be shown by the state against any person on account of his religion or faith.
    4. The right of every citizen, subject to any general condition, to enter any offices under the state and religious tolerance form the heart and soul of secularism as envisaged by the constitution.
    5. It secures the conditions of creating a fraternity of the Indian people which assures both the dignity of the individual and the unity of the nation.

    Is Secularism A Weak Ideology?

    1. India is home to all major religions of the world. Despite being a majority Hindu population, founding fathers of independent India chose secularism as the core ideology of the Republic of India.
    2. Partition of the country in 1947 left many deep wounds on Indian society. India continues to bleed every day by sectarian, religious and inter-caste violence.
    3. Individuals at different rungs of Indian society might not share the same secular and pluralist optimism. The debate over equality in society is crucial in interpreting Indian secularism.
    4. Despite all the issues, India successfully spent 73 years as a Sovereign, Secular and Democratic country, and remains as the largest secular democracy in the world.
    5. Most of the countries in the MENA (the Middle East and North Africa) region, including Afghanistan and Pakistan, are non-secular countries. A comparative analysis of these countries with secular countries proves that on most of the socio-economic indicators non-secular countries are not performing well. They are characterised by civil unrest, violation of human rights and enmity towards other religions.
    6. Considering all the above observations it can be said that Secularism is rather a strong ideology for all-round development of all the members of the society.

    Factors That Influence The Future Of Secularism In India

    Political Factors

    1. Party-political secularism is a nefarious doctrine practised by all political parties, including by so-called ‘secular forces’. This secularism has dispelled all values from the core idea and replaced them with opportunism.
    2. Opportunistic alliance with religious communities, particularly for the sake of immediate electoral benefit, is its unspoken slogan. It has even been complicit in igniting communal violence and divisive politics.
    3. B.R. Ambedkar observed that when two roughly equal communities view each other as enemies, they get trapped in a majority-minority syndrome, a vicious cycle of spiralling political conflict and social alienation.

    Social Factors

    1. Social alienation of Muslims, Christians and Dalits is deepening the cracks in the secular fabric of India. It is further engraved by lack of modern education.
    2. Discrimination while making acquaintance, making social relations, choosing colonies based on the religion practised by the local people are also social reasons which are destroying the secular nature of India.
    3. Refusing Muslims to give homes on rent, or declining Dalits from entering the temple, or killing daughters for marrying out of caste or religious boundaries are the examples of how the future of secularism is being shaped in present India.

    Ideological Factors

    1. The rise in the religious radicalisation of Muslim youth is a grave threat to secularism in India. These youth are ideologically motivated by the perception of religious supremacy of their own.
    2. Right-wing or left-wing extremist ideologies are leading to increased communalisation of Indian society. Those who associate themselves openly express their anti-Hindu, anti-Muslim or anti-Christian beliefs.

    Economic Factors

    1. India is home to more than 1.3billion people. Such a huge population is putting pressure on available resources. Scarcity of limited resources leads to claims over it by various sections and deprivation of certain sections of the society based on irrational parameters such as religion and caste, etc.
    2. A major portion of the population in India belongs to the working-age group. Directing the energies of these youth and providing them employment is a humongous task. Failing in which leads to conflict and crisis in society, and in a diverse society like India, communalism is the most easily available option to divert the energies of the youth.
    3. Role of electronic media is also very important in building the secular fabric of India but nowadays for TRP and commercial gains they are preferring propaganda over neutrality.

    Suggestions

    1. Respect for religion must be accompanied by critique. Therefore all the factors influencing the secularism of India must be redirected towards constructive criticism and promoting religious harmony.
    2. Our state must respectfully leave religion alone but also intervene whenever religious groups promote communal disharmony and discrimination on grounds of religion or are unable to protect their own members from the oppressions they perpetuate as we witnessed in Judgement of Sabrimala and Law on Triple Talaq.
    3. We have to constantly decide when to engage or disengage, help or hinder religion depending entirely on which of these enhances our constitutional commitment to freedom, equality and fraternity.
    4. Secularism cannot be sustained by governments alone but requires collective commitment from an impartial judiciary, a scrupulous media, civil society activists, and an alert citizenry.

    Secularism is the soul of India’s Constitution. Today the letter of this Constitution still remains unaltered, but its soul is mangled and choked. B.R. Ambedkar claimed that when communities view each other as a menace, they tend to close ranks. Due to this all dissent within the community is muzzled and much needed internal reforms are stalled. Peaceful and democratic secularism will help to carry out a much-needed internal critique and reform of our own respective religions, to enable their compatibility with constitutional values of equality, liberty and justice.

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Vandana Rani
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Vandana RaniBegginer
Asked: July 23, 2024In: , , , ,
  • 0

question female-history
  1. Pristy Bright
    Pristy Bright Begginer

    In ancient and medieval India, documentation of women's contributions to architecture is sparse due to the patriarchal norms that limited women's roles primarily to domestic spheres. Women were often not allowed to hold formal jobs or participate in public life, including architectural practices thaRead more

    In ancient and medieval India, documentation of women’s contributions to architecture is sparse due to the patriarchal norms that limited women’s roles primarily to domestic spheres. Women were often not allowed to hold formal jobs or participate in public life, including architectural practices that were dominated by men. Historical records mainly highlight male architects and builders, overshadowing potential contributions by women.

    However, indirect evidence suggests that women likely played significant roles behind the scenes, such as in designing and managing household structures, temples, and royal residences. Their influence may have been understated or attributed to male relatives or patrons due to societal norms.

    Research and archaeological findings occasionally reveal hints of female involvement in architectural projects, but comprehensive documentation remains a challenge due to historical biases. Efforts to uncover and acknowledge these contributions are ongoing, aiming to provide a more inclusive understanding of architectural history in ancient and medieval India.

    While direct proof may be limited, cultural traditions and oral histories within communities often preserve knowledge of women’s contributions, highlighting their significant but underappreciated impact on architectural heritage in Ancient and Medieval India.

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Gunjarani Lakra
  • 0
Gunjarani LakraBegginer
Asked: July 21, 2024In: , , , ,
  • 0

Explain about population dividend in recent years and factors that can affect it in coming years.

question
  1. Anita Dhruw
    Anita Dhruw Legend

    Population Dividend Population dividend, or demographic dividend as it is called when speaking of economic growth is a term that denotes the potential growth which a country can exploit when a larger part of its population is in the working-age group (15-64 years) rather than dependents (children anRead more

    Population Dividend
    Population dividend, or demographic dividend as it is called when speaking of economic growth is a term that denotes the potential growth which a country can exploit when a larger part of its population is in the working-age group (15-64 years) rather than dependents (children and the old age). India is among such countries, with 65% of its population being below 35 years old.

    Factors Influencing India’s Population Dividend in Coming Years .

    1. Education and Skill Development
    – The workforce must be equipped with the skills the market needs, which can only come from quality education and vocational training.

    2. Job Creation

    – India has to create a lot of job opportunities, especially in manufacturing, services, and technology sectors, to accommodate the young population. If not enough job growth, the demographic dividend could become a demographic liability.

    3. Healthcare A healthy workforce is pivotal to sustained productivity. The lack of healthcare infrastructure and the newly emerging lifestyle diseases could be the main reasons why such productivity will not be achieved by the working-age population.

    4. Gender Inclusion
    – The inclusion of women in the workforce is a strong factor in maximizing the demographic dividend. The percent of women who are a part of the workforce in India, at the moment, is really small, which is one of the main economy-constrainers.

    5. Regional Disparities – The northern Indian states like Bihar and Uttar Pradesh are seeing a youth surge after enjoying decades of fertility decline and increasing female literacy. On the other hand, the southern states with Kerala and Tamil Nadu are struggling due to the aging population. Such a situation would mean that only a part of this demographic would be representative of a region and, at the same time, may create disparities in the development of different areas of the country.

    6. Automation and Technology
    The rise of technology innovation, in particular, the expansion of the industry of automation, is expected to result in the reduction of low-skilled jobs. The only way India could ensure that its workforce is ready for this is by investing in the upskilling of its workforce for the upcoming industries.

    Population dividends in India are noteworthy concepts of realization. They present a wonderful chance for economic growth. A timely and proper response to this valuable opportunity would require strategic actions in the fields of education, healthcare, job creation, and gender inclusion. If this would not be realized, the potential benefit would be lost and socio-economic challenges would emerge.

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