Sign Up

Have an account?

Sign In

Don't have account,

Forgot Password

Lost your password? Please enter your email address. You will receive a link and will create a new password via email.


Have an account?

Sorry, you do not have permission to ask a question, You must login to ask a question.

Need An Account,

Please briefly explain why you feel this question should be reported.

Please briefly explain why you feel this answer should be reported.

Please briefly explain why you feel this user should be reported.

Search
Ask A Question

Indian Economy

Share
Followers
155 Answers
1k Questions
Home/Indian Economy/Page 41

Mains Answer Writing Latest Questions

Hoimontika Chakraborty
  • 0
Hoimontika ChakrabortyBegginer
Asked: July 26, 2024In: ,
  • 0

agricultureclimateenvironmentfarming
  1. Rubela
    Rubela Begginer

    To do organic farming in India without hurting the environment, start by using natural fertilizers like compost and cow dung instead of chemical ones. These keep the soil healthy. Rotate your crops each season to maintain soil fertility and prevent pests. Mulching with straw or leaves can help retaiRead more

    To do organic farming in India without hurting the environment, start by using natural fertilizers like compost and cow dung instead of chemical ones. These keep the soil healthy. Rotate your crops each season to maintain soil fertility and prevent pests. Mulching with straw or leaves can help retain moisture and prevent evaporation. Instead of synthetic pesticides, use natural pest control measures such as neem oil or the introduction of beneficial insects. Drip irrigation and rainwater collection can help to save water. Grow a variety of crops and create habitats for beneficial creatures to promote a healthy environment. Avoid synthetic pesticides and instead use organic approaches to manage soil and pests. This way, healthy crops can be grown without hurting the environment and supporting sustainable agricultural methods.

    See less
Mrinalini jha
  • 0
Mrinalini jhaBegginer
Asked: August 1, 2024In: , ,
  • 0

Does the removal of subsidies make the agriculture sector internationally competitive? How?

  1. Rudra prasad bhuyan
    Rudra prasad bhuyan Begginer

    The removal of subsidies in the agriculture sector can potentially make it internationally competitive by fostering efficiency and innovation. Here's how: Resource Optimization: Without subsidies, farmers must optimize resource use, reducing wastage and focusing on cost-effective practices. Market-DRead more

    The removal of subsidies in the agriculture sector can potentially make it internationally competitive by fostering efficiency and innovation. Here’s how:

    • Resource Optimization: Without subsidies, farmers must optimize resource use, reducing wastage and focusing on cost-effective practices.
    • Market-Driven Prices: Market forces determine prices, aligning domestic agricultural prices with global market rates. This makes products more competitive internationally.
    • Innovation and Technology Adoption: Farmers are incentivized to adopt new technologies and innovative farming practices to reduce costs and increase productivity.
    • Diversification: The removal of subsidies encourages crop diversification, allowing farmers to shift to high-value crops and explore niche markets.
    • Reduction of Fiscal Burden: Government savings from subsidy removal can be redirected towards infrastructure, research, and development, enhancing overall sector efficiency.
    • Encouraging Private Investment: A subsidy-free environment can attract private investment, leading to better infrastructure, supply chain management, and market access.
    • Quality Improvement: Farmers focus on quality to compete in international markets, which can lead to better standards and premium pricing.
    • Sustainability: Reduced subsidies can lead to more sustainable agricultural practices, as farmers move away from environmentally harmful practices incentivized by subsidies.

    In summary, while the removal of subsidies can be challenging in the short term, it can lead to a more efficient, innovative, and internationally competitive agricultural sector in the long run.

    See less
Kirti Agrawal
  • 0
Kirti AgrawalBegginer
Asked: August 2, 2024In: , ,
  • 0

How can the dilemma of increasing production of crops and maintaining good quality of food as well as soil be solved?

agricultural developmentagriculturechemicalsdilemmaenvironmental degradationfertilizersquality of crop productionquestion
  1. Yashika Khandelwal
    Yashika Khandelwal Begginer

    The dilemma of increasing crop production while maintaining food quality and soil health can be addressed through a combination of strategies: Sustainable Farming Practices: Implement practices such as crop rotation, agroforestry, and reduced tillage to enhance soil health and prevent degradation. TRead more

    The dilemma of increasing crop production while maintaining food quality and soil health can be addressed through a combination of strategies:

    Sustainable Farming Practices: Implement practices such as crop rotation, agroforestry, and reduced tillage to enhance soil health and prevent degradation. These methods help maintain soil fertility and structure while reducing the need for chemical inputs.

    Integrated Pest Management (IPM): Utilize biological controls, resistant crop varieties, and judicious use of pesticides to manage pests and diseases. IPM reduces reliance on chemical inputs and minimizes their impact on the environment.

    Precision Agriculture: Use technology to optimize field-level management regarding crop farming. This includes employing GPS, sensors, and data analytics to apply water, fertilizers, and pesticides more efficiently, reducing waste and environmental impact.

    Organic Farming: Adopt organic farming methods that avoid synthetic chemicals and focus on natural inputs. Organic farming can improve soil health over time and reduce pollution but may require more land and labor.

    Cover Crops and Green Manures: Grow cover crops during off-seasons to protect and enrich soil. These crops prevent erosion, improve soil structure, and increase organic matter content.

    Improved Crop Varieties: Develop and plant crop varieties that are high-yielding, resilient to pests and diseases, and adapted to local soil and climate conditions.

    Water Management: Implement efficient irrigation systems, such as drip irrigation, to conserve water and reduce soil erosion. Proper water management helps maintain soil health and crop quality.

    Soil Testing and Fertilizer Management: Regularly test soil to understand nutrient levels and apply fertilizers based on crop needs to avoid over-application, which can degrade soil health and water quality.

    Education and Training: Educate farmers about sustainable practices and new technologies to enhance productivity while maintaining soil health and food quality.

    See less
Harsh Singh
  • 0
Harsh SinghBegginer
Asked: August 22, 2024In: ,
  • 0

question
  1. Dr sangeeta Singh
    Dr sangeeta Singh Learner

    Water-use efficiency (WUE) refers to the ratio of beneficial water use to total water withdrawal. It measures how effectively water is utilized in various sectors, such as agriculture, industry, and domestic use. *Water-Use Efficiency (WUE) Formula:* WUE = (Beneficial Water Use / Total Water WithdraRead more

    Water-use efficiency (WUE) refers to the ratio of beneficial water use to total water withdrawal. It measures how effectively water is utilized in various sectors, such as agriculture, industry, and domestic use.

    *Water-Use Efficiency (WUE) Formula:*

    WUE = (Beneficial Water Use / Total Water Withdrawal) x 100

    *Role of Micro-Irrigation in Increasing WUE:*

    Micro-irrigation, also known as precision irrigation, is a technique that supplies water directly to the roots of plants, reducing evaporation and runoff.

    *Benefits of Micro-Irrigation:*

    1. Increased water savings (up to 50%)
    2. Improved crop yields (up to 30%)
    3. Reduced energy consumption
    4. Enhanced fertilizer and pesticide efficiency
    5. Decreased soil erosion

    *Types of Micro-Irrigation:*

    1. Drip Irrigation
    2. Sprinkler Irrigation
    3. Micro-Sprinkler Irrigation
    4. Bubbler Irrigation

    *How Micro-Irrigation Increases WUE:*

    1. Precise water application reduces waste
    2. Targeted water delivery to roots minimizes evaporation
    3. Reduced runoff and deep percolation
    4. Improved soil moisture monitoring
    5. Optimized irrigation scheduling

    *Case Studies:*

    1. India’s National Mission on Micro-Irrigation (NMMI) has increased WUE by 40-50%
    2. Israel’s drip irrigation systems have achieved WUE of 90-95%
    3. California’s micro-irrigation projects have saved 20-30% of water

    *Challenges and way forward:*

    1. High initial investment costs
    2. Limited awareness and adoption among farmers
    3. Water quality concerns
    4. Integration with other water-saving technologies
    5. Policy support and incentives for micro-irrigation adoption

     

     

    See less
Team
  • 0
TeamSupreme
Asked: September 10, 2024In:
  • 0

Roadmap for Answer Writing 1. Introduction Context: Briefly introduce the NHM, established in 2005 by the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers’ Welfare, aimed at developing horticulture. Significance: Highlight the importance of NHM in enhancing agricultural productivity and farmer livelihood. 2. Role of NHM in ...

upsc: agriculture & food management
  1. Team
    Team Supreme

    Model Answer Introduction The National Horticulture Mission (NHM) was launched in 2005 by the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers’ Welfare to enhance the production and productivity of horticultural crops in India. Its primary objective is to develop horticulture to its maximum potential across variRead more

    Model Answer

    Introduction

    The National Horticulture Mission (NHM) was launched in 2005 by the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers’ Welfare to enhance the production and productivity of horticultural crops in India. Its primary objective is to develop horticulture to its maximum potential across various states.

    Role of NHM in Boosting Productivity and Income

    1. Integrated Development of Horticulture (IDH): NHM promotes a holistic approach by integrating production, processing, and marketing activities, which enhances overall productivity.
    2. Modernizing Production: The mission encourages the use of advanced technologies, natural fertilizers, and eco-friendly pesticides. For instance, the introduction of harvester machines has improved efficiency in harvesting crops like coffee.
    3. Farmer Aggregation: NHM supports the formation of farmer groups such as Farmer Interest Groups (FIGs) and Farmer Producer Organizations (FPOs), which help in achieving economies of scale.
    4. Governance and Market Access: Specific boards, such as coffee and cashew boards, have been established to streamline production and marketing processes, providing farmers with better access to markets.
    5. Capacity Building: NHM facilitates training programs that transfer technology and knowledge from research institutions to farmers, focusing on production, post-harvest management, and marketing strategies.

    Success in Increasing Farmers’ Income

    The NHM has significantly impacted farmers’ income through various measures:

    • Production Growth: The production of fruits increased from 43.5 million tonnes in 2004-05 to 107.7 million tonnes in 2021-22, demonstrating substantial growth in horticultural output.
    • Area Expansion: The area under horticulture has grown at an average rate of 3% per annum, with annual production increasing at an average rate of 7.0% per annum.
    • Diversification and Alternative Income: NHM encourages the cultivation of high-value crops alongside traditional crops, providing farmers with additional income sources.
    • Market Opportunities: The mission has created new market opportunities for horticultural products, contributing to reduced rural unemployment over the past two decades.

    Conclusion

    The NHM has played a crucial role in transforming horticulture in India, leading to increased production, productivity, and farmer income. However, challenges such as inadequate infrastructure and market access remain, necessitating ongoing efforts to stabilize and enhance farmers’ income.

    See less
Team
  • 0
TeamSupreme
Asked: September 10, 2024In:
  • 0

Roadmap for Answer Writing Introduction Begin with a brief context of the vulnerability of Indian agriculture. Mention factors like dependency on monsoon, extreme weather conditions, and the ...

upsc: agriculture & food management
  1. Team
    Team Supreme

    Model Answer Introduction Indian agriculture is excessively dependent on monsoons, with only 35% of the total area under cultivation being irrigated as of 2010, according to the World Bank. This heavy reliance on monsoon rains, coupled with fluctuations and natural calamities such as droughts, floodRead more

    Model Answer

    Introduction

    Indian agriculture is excessively dependent on monsoons, with only 35% of the total area under cultivation being irrigated as of 2010, according to the World Bank. This heavy reliance on monsoon rains, coupled with fluctuations and natural calamities such as droughts, floods, and hailstorms, has severely impacted farmers’ livelihoods. Even in years of abundant production, farmers often face price volatility, making crop insurance essential for stabilizing their income and production.

    Need for Crop Insurance

    1. Protection Against Crop Failure: Crop insurance safeguards farmers from losses due to crop failures, ensuring stability in their income.
    2. Yield Protection: It provides coverage against reduced production and post-harvest losses, helping farmers recover from adverse conditions.
    3. Revenue Protection: The insurance offers a safety net against price fluctuations, guaranteeing a minimum assured income during bumper harvests when prices may crash.
    4. Reduced Government Expenditure: By minimizing the need for reactive relief measures during natural calamities, crop insurance serves as a proactive financial tool.
    5. Encouragement of Investment: With reduced risk, farmers are more likely to invest in innovative agricultural practices, enhancing productivity.

    Recognizing these needs, the government introduced the Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY) to replace the outdated National Agriculture Insurance Scheme (NAIS) and Modified National Agricultural Insurance Scheme (MNIAS), aiming to cover 47% of farmers within a year.

    Salient Features of PMFBY

    • Comprehensive Coverage: PMFBY covers Rabi, Kharif, and horticultural crops, including protection against various natural calamities and post-harvest losses.
    • Affordable Premium Rates: The scheme offers a uniform premium rate of 2% for Kharif crops, 1.5% for Rabi crops, and 5% for commercial and horticultural crops, with the government subsidizing the remaining amount.
    • Technological Integration: The use of remote sensing, smartphones, and drones facilitates quick assessment of crop losses.
    • Area Approach Implementation: The scheme is executed on an area basis, focusing on homogenous crop cultivation and risk assessment at the village level.
    • Optional Enrollment: Since 2020, enrollment in the scheme has been made optional for all farmers, moving away from the previous mandatory requirement for loanee farmers.

    Conclusion

    The increasing frequency of climate-induced extreme weather events and market fluctuations has heightened the distress among farmers, underscoring the urgent need for effective crop insurance. The PMFBY represents a significant step towards safeguarding farmers’ interests and promoting sustainable agricultural practices in India.

    See less
Deepika kumawat
  • 0
Deepika kumawatLearner
Asked: October 17, 2024In: , , , , ,
  • 0

question
  1. Guru
    Guru Enthusiast

    Accountability refers to the process as well as norms that make decision makers answerable to ones for whom decisions are taken i.e., the decision maker and the beneficiary. The recent emphasis on revolutionised democracy seeking increased accountability from the government has brought into focus itRead more

    • Accountability refers to the process as well as norms that make decision makers answerable to ones for whom decisions are taken i.e., the decision maker and the beneficiary.
    • The recent emphasis on revolutionised democracy seeking increased accountability from the government has brought into focus its need and importance in Governance and government functioning.

     

    • Ethical Governance
    • In a world that feels increasingly complex and interconnected, ethical governance emerges as a critical compass.Ethical governance guides organisations and governments through the challenges of decision-making while ensuring fairness, transparency, and accountability. but first we need to understand What is Governance?

    Governance refers to the frameworks, processes, and systems by which orsanisations, institutions, and governments are directed, controlled, and held accountable.

    • and as for the Ethical Governance:-
    • Ethical governance refers to the system of rules, practices, and processes by which businesses, organisations, and governments conduct themselves in a manner that is honest, responsible, and respectful of all stakeholders involved.
    • It’s about making decisions that not only aim for success or profitability but also consider the welfare of employees, communities, the environment, and society at large.
    See less
Aarav Suri
  • 0
Aarav SuriBegginer
Asked: July 14, 2024In:
  • 0

question
  1. sania
    sania Begginer

    Traditional Farming: Family Farming: Farmers grow food mainly for their family to eat. They use old tools and methods that have been used for many years. Modern Farming: Super Plants: Farmers use special seeds that grow more food than usual. This helps them get more crops like wheat and rice. WateriRead more

    Traditional Farming:

    Family Farming: Farmers grow food mainly for their family to eat. They use old tools and methods that have been used for many years.
    Modern Farming:

    Super Plants: Farmers use special seeds that grow more food than usual. This helps them get more crops like wheat and rice.
    Watering Methods:

    Flooding: Farmers let water flow over their fields, which is good for crops like rice that need a lot of water.
    Drip Watering: Water drips slowly from pipes to each plant’s roots, saving water and helping crops like fruits and vegetables grow better.
    Sprinklers: Farmers use pipes to spray water over their fields, like rain, which helps crops get enough water.
    Changing Crops:

    Crop Switching: Farmers grow different crops in the same field each season. This helps the soil stay healthy and stops pests and diseases from spreading.
    Mixed Crops:

    Growing Different Crops Together: Farmers plant more than one type of crop in the same field. This way, if one crop doesn’t do well, others might still grow.
    Intercropping:

    Row Mixing: Farmers plant different crops in rows next to each other. This helps use the land better and keeps the soil healthy.
    Tree Farming:

    Trees and Crops: Farmers plant trees along with their crops. Trees help keep the soil good, give shade, and provide extra food.
    Organic Farming:

    Natural Growing: Farmers use natural things like compost and avoid chemicals. This makes the food better for health and the environment.
    Sustainable Farming:

    Healthy Soil: Farmers use methods that keep the soil in good shape, like using special plants to add nutrients to the soil and not digging it up too much.
    These methods help farmers grow more food and keep their land healthy.

    See less
Team
  • 0
TeamSupreme
Asked: August 22, 2024In:
  • 0

Roadmap for Answer Writing 1. Introduction Definition of Cropping Pattern: Explain what cropping pattern is and its significance in agriculture. Context: Briefly introduce how changes in consumption patterns and marketing conditions have influenced cropping patterns in India. 2. Changes in Cropping Pattern in India A. ...

upsc: cropping pattern
  1. Team
    Best Answer
    Team Supreme

    Model Answer Introduction The cropping pattern in India, which refers to the types and sequences of crops produced in a given area, has evolved due to various factors, especially changes in consumption patterns and marketing conditions. Traditionally influenced by climate and soil, these recent shifRead more

    Model Answer

    Introduction

    The cropping pattern in India, which refers to the types and sequences of crops produced in a given area, has evolved due to various factors, especially changes in consumption patterns and marketing conditions. Traditionally influenced by climate and soil, these recent shifts highlight the dynamic nature of Indian agriculture.

    Changes in Cropping Pattern

    From Food Crops to Cash Crops

    Initially, the Green Revolution focused on food grains like wheat and rice. However, states like Maharashtra and Punjab are now increasingly cultivating cash crops such as sugarcane and cotton, driven by market demand.

    Introduction of GM Crops

    Genetically modified crops like Bt Cotton have transformed cotton farming in Gujarat and Maharashtra, offering higher yields and pest resistance.

    Organic Farming

    Sikkim has become India’s first fully organic state, catering to the rising consumer demand for organic produce perceived as healthier and more sustainable.

    Multi-Cropping and Crop Rotation

    Farmers in Punjab and Haryana are adopting multi-cropping and crop rotation techniques, such as alternating wheat, rice, and mustard, to enhance soil fertility and maximize yield.

    Horticulture and Specialty Crops

    States like Himachal Pradesh and Jammu & Kashmir are seeing increased fruit cultivation (e.g., apples and cherries) due to growing domestic and export markets.

    Revival of Traditional Crops

    Nutrient-dense millets like ragi and jowar are experiencing a resurgence in states like Karnataka, supported by government initiatives promoting these traditional grains for their health benefits.

    Influence of Changes in Consumption Patterns

    Health Awareness

    With a growing focus on health, crops like quinoa and chia seeds are being cultivated in regions such as Tamil Nadu and Himachal Pradesh to meet consumer demand for nutritious foods.

    Fast Food Culture

    The rise of fast-food chains has increased potato cultivation in states like Uttar Pradesh for fries and other processed foods.

    High Protein Demand

    The fitness trend has led to increased cultivation of fodder crops like alfalfa in Haryana and Rajasthan to support livestock production.

    Global Cuisine and Beverage Industry

    The influence of international food trends has prompted the cultivation of herbs like basil in Kerala, while the demand for tea and coffee has boosted production in Assam and Karnataka.

    Influence of Marketing Conditions

    E-commerce and Globalization

    Platforms like Big Basket are facilitating direct sales of organic products, while globalization has opened export markets for crops like grapes from Maharashtra.

    Retail Chains and Contract Farming

    National retail chains are encouraging farmers in Punjab and Haryana to grow high-demand vegetables like bell peppers through assured procurement agreements.

    Improved Logistics

    Enhanced supply chain infrastructure has made it feasible to cultivate perishable crops, leading to increased strawberry and apple farming in Himachal Pradesh.

    Market Information

    Real-time market data apps are empowering farmers to adapt their cropping choices based on demand fluctuations, as seen with mustard cultivation in Rajasthan.

    Conclusion

    The evolving cropping patterns in India reflect a complex interplay of consumption trends and marketing dynamics. Leveraging technology, improving financial systems, and enhancing agricultural education will enable farmers to adapt to changing demands and maximize their benefits in the market.

    See less
Load More Questions

Resources & Suggestions

Mains Answer Writing Latest Articles

On: March 18, 2025

Daily Answer Writing Practice Questions (18 March 2025)

Discuss the need to revamp India’s public procurement and project management (PPPM) framework to enable faster, more efficient, and transparent execution of government projects. (200 words) सरकारी परियोजनाओं के तेज, कुशल और पारदर्शी क्रियान्वयन के लिए भारत के सार्वजनिक खरीद ...

On: March 17, 2025

Daily Answer Writing Practice Questions (17 March 2025)

Explain how Cabinet Committees help reinforce collective responsibility and maintain the principle of uniformity within the Executive in the Indian Parliamentary system. (200 words) भारतीय संसदीय प्रणाली में मंत्रिमंडलीय समितियां सामूहिक उत्तरदायित्व और कार्यपालिका की एकरूपता के सिद्धांत को मजबूत ...

On: March 15, 2025 Comments: 0

भारत-श्रीलंका मत्स्य-ग्रहण संबंधी विवाद

यह लेख भारत-श्रीलंका के बीच पाक खाड़ी में मत्स्य विवाद पर केंद्रित है, जिसमें स्थायी समाधान, सरकारी कार्रवाई और बातचीत की आवश्यकता को उजागर किया गया है। प्रमुख मुद्दे निरंतर गिरफ्तारियाँ: भारतीय मछुआरे अक्सर इंजन खराब होने या मौसम के ...

Explore Our Blog