birth rates and death rates tend to vary significantly between developing and developed countries due to differences in economic development, healthcare facilities, education and standard of living etc. BIRTH RATES: in developed countries, there are generally low birth rates due to higher levels ofRead more
birth rates and death rates tend to vary significantly between developing and developed countries due to differences in economic development, healthcare facilities, education and standard of living etc.
BIRTH RATES:
in developed countries, there are generally low birth rates due to higher levels of educational employment among women, usage of contraceptives, a greater focus on career and personal development and effective family planning.
examples: JAPAN, GERMANY
in developing countries, birth rates are generally high due to a lack of education, less access to and acceptance of contraceptives, economic reliance on children and cultural and social norms. High mortality rates also lead to high birth rates.
examples: NIGER, NIGERIA
DEATH RATES:
death rates are also generally low in developed countries due to better healthcare systems, advanced medical technologies, and high living standards, there is an ageing population in developed countries which also leads to high death rates, but the overall death rate is low due to longer life expectancies.
example: UNITED KINGDON, AUSTRALIA
normally developing countries have high death rates but as these countries have younger populations it might lead to a fall in the number of death rates. the high death rate in developing countries is influenced by poor healthcare infrastructure, higher prevalence of infectious diseases, malnutrition and less access to clean water and sanitation. it leads to rapid population growth in developing countries.
example: CHAD, AFGHANISTAN
the birth rates and the death rates of the developed and developing countries illustrate how economic development and social norms impact the demographic patterns.
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"Understanding Population Dynamics: The Demographic Transition Model Explained".... The demographic transition model (DTM) is a framework used to explain shifts in population growth patterns as societies industrialize and develop. It consists of four main stages: 1. Stage 1 - High Stationary: CharacRead more
“Understanding Population Dynamics: The Demographic Transition Model Explained”….
The demographic transition model (DTM) is a framework used to explain shifts in population growth patterns as societies industrialize and develop. It consists of four main stages:
1. Stage 1 – High Stationary: Characterized by high birth rates and high death rates, resulting in minimal population growth. This stage typifies pre-industrial societies where healthcare, sanitation, and food supply are limited.
2. Stage 2 – Early Expanding: Industrialization brings improvements in healthcare, sanitation, and food production, leading to a rapid decline in death rates. Birth rates remain high, causing a significant population increase. This demographic shift often accompanies economic development.
3. Stage 3 – Late Expanding: Birth rates gradually decline due to social changes, such as increased education, urbanization, and women’s rights. Death rates continue to decline or stabilize, leading to a slower population growth rate than in Stage 2.
4. Stage 4 – Low Stationary: Both birth and death rates are low, resulting in minimal population growth or a stable population size. This stage reflects post-industrial societies where contraception, women’s education, and economic opportunities lead to small family sizes and demographic stability.
The DTM explains changes in population growth over time by illustrating how social and economic development influences birth and death rates. As societies progress from agrarian economies to industrialized and post-industrialized economies, improvements in healthcare, education, and living standards reduce mortality rates first, followed by declining birth rates due to changing societal norms and economic factors. Understanding these transitions helps policymakers anticipate future demographic trends and plan for socio-economic challenges associated with aging populations or rapid population growth.
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