What are the main bottlenecks in upstream and downstream process of marketing of agricultural products in India?
Organic farming and conventional farming differ primarily in their approaches to soil health, pest and weed management, fertilizer use, and overall agricultural practices: Organic Farming: 1. Methods: Relies on natural methods like crop rotation, biological pest control, and composting. 2. FertilizeRead more
Organic farming and conventional farming differ primarily in their approaches to soil health, pest and weed management, fertilizer use, and overall agricultural practices:
Organic Farming:
1. Methods: Relies on natural methods like crop rotation, biological pest control, and composting.
2. Fertilizers: Uses natural fertilizers (compost, manure) and avoids synthetic chemicals.
3. Pesticides: Limits the use of synthetic pesticides and herbicides.
4. GMOs: Prohibits genetically modified organisms (GMOs).
5. Soil Health: Focuses on enhancing soil fertility and biodiversity.
•Benefits of Organic Farming:
– Environmental: Reduces pollution, conserves water, and promotes biodiversity.
– Health: Limits exposure to synthetic chemicals in food and the environment.
– Soil: Enhances soil fertility and structure over time.
Conventional Farming:
1. Methods: Uses modern techniques and technologies, including synthetic chemicals.
2. Fertilizers: Uses synthetic fertilizers to provide specific nutrients.
3. Pesticides: Relies on synthetic pesticides and herbicides to control pests and weeds.
4. GMOs: Allows for the use of genetically modified crops where approved.
5. Yield: Often associated with higher yields per acre in certain crops.
•Benefits of Conventional Farming:
– Efficiency: Generally achieves higher yields per unit of land.
– Cost-Effectiveness: Can be more economically viable in some cases.
– Availability: Provides a more consistent supply of produce year-round.
Choosing between the two often depends on factors such as environmental impact, consumer preferences, market demands, and economic feasibility for farmers.
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Main Bottlenecks in Upstream and Downstream Marketing of Agricultural Products in India Upstream Bottlenecks: Fragmented Land Holdings: Small and scattered farms make it difficult to achieve economies of scale and efficient production practices. Lack of Modern Farming Techniques: Limited access to aRead more
Main Bottlenecks in Upstream and Downstream Marketing of Agricultural Products in India
Upstream Bottlenecks:
Downstream Bottlenecks:
Addressing these bottlenecks through infrastructure development, regulatory reforms, financial support, and technology adoption is crucial for improving the efficiency of agricultural marketing in India, ultimately enhancing farmer incomes and agricultural sustainability.
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