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The family and the social environment in which we are raised typically have an unconscious influence on our attitudes toward life, work, other people, and society. Many of these unintentionally picked attitudes and ideals are undesirable in members of today’s ...
Illustrate the ways in which the two methods differ. (150 words) [UPSC 2016]
Infosys in Mysore Approach: Community Integration and Infrastructure Development Local Engagement: Infosys invested in local infrastructure, including the construction of residential facilities and schools in Mysore, where their new campus was set up. Social Impact: They focused on improving local aRead more
Infosys in Mysore
Approach: Community Integration and Infrastructure Development
Recent Example: Infosys’s campus in Mysore, operational since 2002, led to substantial development in the area, including improved local infrastructure and services.
2. Vedanta Resources in Odisha
Approach: Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Focus
Recent Example: Vedanta’s Lanjigarh refinery faced local protests in 2013 due to land acquisition issues and perceived lack of sufficient community engagement.
Conclusion: Infosys prioritized integrated development and local infrastructure, while Vedanta focused on CSR projects but faced challenges related to displacement and community consultation.
See lessTalk about how they accomplish this goal.
To effectively address the challenges and concerns associated with the establishment of a new plant in an underdeveloped area like Developmentpuri, and to align with both business goals and local community needs, the following comprehensive strategies can be implemented: 1. Inclusive Decision-MakingRead more
To effectively address the challenges and concerns associated with the establishment of a new plant in an underdeveloped area like Developmentpuri, and to align with both business goals and local community needs, the following comprehensive strategies can be implemented:
Objective: Ensure that local community concerns are addressed and that the project is integrated smoothly into the community.
Objective: Minimize negative impacts on the local community and contribute positively to their socio-economic development.
Objective: Demonstrate corporate social responsibility (CSR) by addressing local issues and contributing to community development.
Objective: Maintain transparency and build trust with the local community through open and honest communication.
Objective: Ensure that affected individuals and families are fairly compensated and resettled.
By adopting these strategies—inclusive decision-making, socio-economic planning, strengthening CSR policies, transparent communication, and fair compensation and resettlement—the company can effectively address the potential challenges of establishing a new plant in Developmentpuri. These measures ensure that while the project advances, it also fosters a positive relationship with the local community, contributing to mutual benefit and sustainable development.
See lessEthics and law are seen as the two main instruments for regulating behavior in order to create an environment that is favorable to a civilized social life.
Law and Ethics as Tools for Controlling Human Conduct 1. Role of Law: Explanation: Law serves as a formal mechanism for regulating human behavior through codified rules and regulations enforced by legal institutions. It provides clear guidelines and penalties to maintain order and protect individualRead more
Law and Ethics as Tools for Controlling Human Conduct
1. Role of Law:
2. Role of Ethics:
3. Complementary Nature:
4. Recent Developments:
Conclusion: Law and ethics are complementary tools for controlling human conduct. Law provides formal regulations and enforcement mechanisms, while ethics guide personal and societal values. Together, they support a framework for promoting a just, orderly, and ethical society.
See lessRoadmap for Answer Writing Introduction Define Swachh Bharat Abhiyan: Briefly explain the campaign’s objective to promote cleanliness and sanitation in India. Thesis Statement: State that social influence and persuasion are key factors in driving participation and commitment to the campaign. Body 1. The Role of ...
Model Answer Introduction Swachh Bharat Abhiyan (Clean India Mission) was launched by the Indian government in 2014 to enhance cleanliness, hygiene, and sanitation. The campaign's success hinges significantly on social influence and persuasion, which can drive community engagement and behavioral chaRead more
Swachh Bharat Abhiyan (Clean India Mission) was launched by the Indian government in 2014 to enhance cleanliness, hygiene, and sanitation. The campaign’s success hinges significantly on social influence and persuasion, which can drive community engagement and behavioral change.
Social norms play a critical role in shaping behaviors. When cleanliness is promoted as a community norm, individuals are more likely to participate in the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan. For example, showcasing positive role models, such as local leaders or celebrities who practice good sanitation, can inspire others to follow suit. A study by Cialdini et al. (1990) emphasizes that when people perceive a behavior as normative, they are more likely to adopt it.
Providing accurate information about the health benefits of cleanliness can also persuade individuals to engage in the campaign. Public awareness initiatives that highlight the risks associated with poor sanitation—such as the links between open defecation and diseases like diarrhea and cholera—are essential. According to the World Health Organization (2014), improved sanitation can significantly reduce disease prevalence, reinforcing the importance of the campaign.
This persuasion technique can be effectively applied in the context of Swachh Bharat Abhiyan. Starting with small requests, such as proper waste disposal, can gradually lead to greater commitments, such as community clean-up efforts. Research by Freedman and Fraser (1966) shows that initial compliance increases the likelihood of subsequent larger commitments.
Demonstrating successful initiatives can motivate others to participate. When communities see tangible improvements from Swachh Bharat Abhiyan efforts, such as cleaner neighborhoods, they are more likely to emulate these behaviors. Sharing success stories can create a ripple effect, encouraging broader participation.
Leveraging social norms, clear information, and effective persuasion techniques can significantly enhance community engagement in Swachh Bharat Abhiyan. By fostering a culture of cleanliness, the campaign can contribute to a healthier and cleaner India.
See lessRoadmap for Answer Writing Introduction Introduce Kautilya: Mention his significance as an ancient Indian philosopher known for his insights on governance and statecraft. Quote: Present Kautilya’s quote on corruption to highlight his perspective on the inherent nature of corruption in public service. Thesis Statement: ...
Model Answer Introduction Kautilya, the ancient Indian philosopher, famously stated, “Just as it is impossible not to taste honey or poison that one may find at the tip of one’s tongue, so it is impossible for a government servant not to eat up, at least, a bit of the king’s revenue.” This quote undRead more
Kautilya, the ancient Indian philosopher, famously stated, “Just as it is impossible not to taste honey or poison that one may find at the tip of one’s tongue, so it is impossible for a government servant not to eat up, at least, a bit of the king’s revenue.” This quote underscores his belief that corruption is an inherent issue within public service, emphasizing the need for robust checks and balances to prevent the misuse of public resources.
Kautilya was acutely aware of the detrimental effects of corruption on the state and society. He argued that corruption leads to the misuse of government resources, administrative inefficiency, and significant hindrances to national development.
Kautilya identified various forms of corruption, including embezzlement, nepotism, bribery, and favoritism. He contended that such practices deplete the government treasury, which in turn undermines the provision of essential services. A contemporary example is the 2G spectrum scam in India, where government officials misallocated telecom licenses, resulting in extensive financial losses and stunted sectoral growth (Source: The Hindu, 2011).
Corruption also breeds administrative inefficiency. When officials prioritize personal gain over public welfare, it leads to subpar service delivery and slow decision-making. For instance, in Nigeria, rampant corruption in the oil sector has resulted in ineffective policy implementation and deteriorating public services, eroding trust in government (Source: Transparency International, 2020).
Kautilya noted that corruption obstructs national development by impeding key projects. In Bangladesh, corruption in the construction sector has led to poor-quality infrastructure, project delays, and cost overruns, significantly hampering economic growth and public satisfaction (Source: World Bank, 2016).
Kautilya’s insights into corruption remain pertinent today, highlighting the necessity of ethical governance. His recommendations for promoting transparency, accountability, and strong institutional frameworks are crucial for combating corruption. By advocating for strict laws, effective enforcement, and ethical standards in public service, Kautilya’s principles can guide contemporary efforts to enhance governance and foster national development.
See lessRoadmap for Answer Writing Introduction Introduce John Rawls: Briefly mention his prominence as a political philosopher known for his work on social justice. Define Social Justice: Explain Rawls’s focus on distributive justice, which emphasizes fair distribution of social goods and resources. Thesis Statement: State ...
Model Answer Introduction John Rawls, a renowned political philosopher, is celebrated for his theories on social justice and political liberalism. His ideas center around distributive justice, emphasizing the equitable distribution of social goods and resources among members of society. In the IndiaRead more
John Rawls, a renowned political philosopher, is celebrated for his theories on social justice and political liberalism. His ideas center around distributive justice, emphasizing the equitable distribution of social goods and resources among members of society. In the Indian context, Rawls’s principles offer valuable insights for addressing systemic inequalities.
Rawls proposes “justice as fairness,” which includes:
Example: The reservation system in India aims to provide educational and employment opportunities to historically marginalized communities, aligning with Rawls’s principle of fair equality of opportunity.
Rawls suggests that policies should be determined from an impartial standpoint, known as the “veil of ignorance,” where decision-makers are unaware of their societal positions.
Example: The Right to Education Act (2009) guarantees free and compulsory education for children aged 6 to 14, reflecting decisions made for the benefit of all children, regardless of socio-economic status.
Rawls advocates for resource redistribution to foster equity.
Example: The Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) provides 100 days of guaranteed employment annually to rural households, addressing poverty and inequality.
Rawls emphasizes social cooperation for justice.
Example: The Self-Help Group (SHG) movement empowers women through collective action, fostering economic independence and community support.
Rawls insists on protecting human rights to achieve social justice.
Example: The Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act safeguards marginalized groups, promoting equal treatment and addressing discrimination.
Rawls’s framework for social justice, emphasizing fair distribution and equality, can significantly contribute to building a more just society in India. By aligning policies with his principles, India can address systemic inequalities and enhance social cooperation, ultimately fostering a more equitable society.
See lessRoadmap for Answer Writing Introduction Define the Seven Sins: Briefly explain that these are also known as the “Seven Social Sins” or “Seven Blunders of the World.” Thesis Statement: State that Gandhi’s concepts highlight behaviors that undermine progress and ethical living, guiding individuals ...
Model Answer Introduction Mahatma Gandhi articulated the concept of the "Seven Social Sins," reflecting his belief that certain behaviors undermine human progress and happiness. These principles serve as a moral compass, guiding individuals and societies towards ethical living. Body 1. Wealth WithouRead more
Mahatma Gandhi articulated the concept of the “Seven Social Sins,” reflecting his belief that certain behaviors undermine human progress and happiness. These principles serve as a moral compass, guiding individuals and societies towards ethical living.
This sin highlights the accumulation of wealth without contributing to society. It is often exemplified by corruption and fraud. The 2018 Punjab National Bank scam, where fraudulent letters of credit led to a loss of over $1.8 billion, epitomizes this issue, illustrating how unethical practices can create significant societal harm.
Gandhi warned against pursuing pleasure without considering its impact on others or the environment. The fast fashion industry serves as a modern example, where overconsumption leads to environmental degradation and worker exploitation, raising ethical concerns about sustainability and human rights.
This sin addresses the pursuit of knowledge devoid of moral grounding. The 2011 Harvard University cheating scandal, involving over 100 students, exemplifies this, demonstrating how academic dishonesty can tarnish educational integrity.
Gandhi criticized the pursuit of profit without ethical considerations. The 2013 Rana Plaza building collapse in Bangladesh, which killed over 1,100 workers due to unsafe conditions, starkly illustrates the consequences of prioritizing profit over worker safety.
This sin refers to scientific endeavors that disregard human dignity. The Tuskegee Syphilis Study, which involved unethical experimentation on African American men without consent, exemplifies this sin, raising profound ethical questions about medical research.
Gandhi criticized religious beliefs that lack genuine commitment to helping others. The 2019 Easter Sunday bombings in Sri Lanka highlight the dangers of religious extremism, where beliefs were twisted to justify violence.
This sin addresses political power pursued without ethical standards. The Watergate scandal of the 1970s, where illegal activities were used to undermine opponents, illustrates how corruption can erode public trust in governance.
By recognizing and striving to avoid these seven sins, individuals and societies can work towards a more just and equitable world that prioritizes ethical governance and human dignity. Gandhi’s insights remain relevant, urging us to reflect on our values and actions in today’s complex socio-political landscape.
See lessWhat do the terms “good governance,” “ethical governance,” and “governance” mean to you? (150 words) [UPSC 2016]
Understanding Governance, Good Governance, and Ethical Governance 1. Governance: Definition: Governance refers to the processes, structures, and institutions through which authority and power are exercised and decisions are made to manage a country or organization. Example: Government administrationRead more
Understanding Governance, Good Governance, and Ethical Governance
1. Governance:
2. Good Governance:
3. Ethical Governance:
Conclusion: Governance encompasses the management of authority, good governance focuses on effective and fair administration, and ethical governance integrates moral principles into public administration, ensuring integrity and trust.
See lessRoadmap for Answer Writing Introduction Define Impartiality and Non-Partisanship: Briefly explain these concepts and their significance in public service. Thesis Statement: State that these values are crucial for promoting fairness, equality, and public trust, particularly in today’s polarized socio-political environment. Body 1. Importance of Impartiality ...
Model Answer Introduction Impartiality and non-partisanship are essential values in public services, fostering fairness, neutrality, and equality in decision-making. In today’s socio-political climate, characterized by increasing polarization and partisan divisions, these values are vital for maintaRead more
Impartiality and non-partisanship are essential values in public services, fostering fairness, neutrality, and equality in decision-making. In today’s socio-political climate, characterized by increasing polarization and partisan divisions, these values are vital for maintaining public trust in government institutions.
One of the prime examples of the necessity for impartiality is in the administration of elections. Electoral officials must remain neutral to ensure fair and transparent processes. Favoritism towards any political party or candidate undermines the integrity of elections. For instance, the National Election Commission in India emphasizes the need for unbiased conduct among election officials to uphold democratic principles (Election Commission of India, 2020). Instances where electoral officials have failed to remain impartial often lead to public distrust and allegations of election fraud.
Impartiality is equally crucial in the hiring and promotion of public servants. Decisions should be based on merit and objective criteria rather than political affiliations or personal connections. According to a report by the World Bank (2017), merit-based recruitment enhances the effectiveness and efficiency of public services, leading to improved service delivery. When public servants are chosen based on qualifications, it fosters greater public confidence in government institutions.
Moreover, impartiality must guide the distribution of public resources such as healthcare and education. Decisions made based on need rather than political favoritism promote equality and social cohesion. For example, during the COVID-19 pandemic, equitable access to healthcare services was essential for ensuring that all communities received necessary support, regardless of political influence (World Health Organization, 2021).
Upholding impartiality and non-partisanship in electoral administration, public servant selection, and service provision ensures that decisions reflect the best interests of the public. These values promote fairness, strengthen democratic governance, and enhance public trust in government institutions, especially in a polarized socio-political landscape.
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Influence of Family and Social Surroundings on Attitudes 1. Unconscious Shaping of Attitudes: Explanation: Our foundational attitudes towards life, work, and society are largely formed by our early experiences within the family and broader social environment. These attitudes are often internalized wRead more
Influence of Family and Social Surroundings on Attitudes
1. Unconscious Shaping of Attitudes:
2. Undesirable Attitudes in Modern Democratic Society:
3. Impact on Professional and Social Interactions:
4. Recent Efforts to Address Unconscious Bias:
5. Educational and Social Reforms:
Conclusion: Unconscious attitudes shaped by family and social surroundings can sometimes conflict with the values of a modern democratic and egalitarian society. Addressing these through education, awareness programs, and social reforms is crucial for fostering a more equitable and inclusive society.
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