Kathakali and Kathak are both mythological storytelling dance performances based on the Puranas. Kathak has its roots in the northern part of India (Uttar Pradesh), while Kathakali originates from the southern state of India (Kerala). Kathak involves delicate feet-hand movements on the ‘taal’, while Kathakali is fierce dancing similar to the Shiva Tandava. Kathakali is a mixture of expressive dancing and martial arts (Kalarippayattu). The elaborate makeup includes vibrant colors that signify different natures of the characters, such as green for nobles, red for evil, yellow for female, and black for hunters. The costume weighs 12kgs and is performed only by men since ancient times. Huge headgears complete the look. Kathak is performed by female dancers wearing sarees with unusual draping, skirts with blouses, and angarkhas. This dance form has seen numerous evolutions; it was performed in the darbars of the Mughal Empire to the tune of Urdu-Persian gazals. The tawaifs during the British era also performed this dance to lure their owners. There are separate singers in Kathakali, whereas the Kathak dancers sing themselves. Kathakali dancers use facial masks, while Kathak dancers have light makeup on and no masks.

Kathak is a graceful art, and Kathakali is intense.