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What are glacial lakes? Explain the factors contributing to glacial lake outburst floods. (200 words)
Glacial lakes are formed when glaciers melt, creating pools of water in natural basins or behind barriers such as moraines, ice, or rocks. These lakes are usually found at high altitudes and are highly sensitive to climate changes, making them fragile and vulnerable parts of the environment. What CaRead more
Glacial lakes are formed when glaciers melt, creating pools of water in natural basins or behind barriers such as moraines, ice, or rocks. These lakes are usually found at high altitudes and are highly sensitive to climate changes, making them fragile and vulnerable parts of the environment.
What Causes Glacial Lake Outburst Floods (GLOFs)?
Several factors contribute to these events:
Impacts of GLOFs
1. Environmental Impacts:
2. Social Impacts:
3. Economic Impacts:
4. Long-term Consequences:
Conclusion:
Glacial Lake Outburst Floods pose serious environmental, social, and economic risks, especially in mountainous regions such as the Himalayas, Andes, and Alps. To reduce their impact, measures such as monitoring glacial lakes and establishing early warning systems, are essential to protect vulnerable communities.
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See lessExamine the development of the East India Company’s relationship with the British state from 1765 to 1833.”(Answer in 200 words)
The EIC came under British control between 1765 and 1833 through a series of regulatory acts, which transformed its role in India and increased British supervision over its political and commercial functions. DUAL GOVERNMENT (1765-1772) While Indian officials of the EIC ran Without accountability duRead more
The EIC came under British control between 1765 and 1833 through a series of regulatory acts, which transformed its role in India and increased British supervision over its political and commercial functions.
DUAL GOVERNMENT (1765-1772)
While Indian officials of the EIC ran Without accountability during this period, British officials were held responsible for those actions without authority. The end result of this was the general corruption and exploitation which motivated the intervention of British politicians and merchants in an effort to claim their share of the riches of India.
Regulating Act (1773)
This was a milestone act that extended British control over the political and administrative functions of the EIC. The Act necessitated the EIC to report on Indian affairs and made the Governor of Bengal as the Governor-General of India, thus giving him control over Madras and Bombay. It also barred EIC officials from private trade and accepting bribes.
Pitt’s India Act (1784)
The British government made a dual system to distinguish the commercial and political functions of the EIC. While the British state, through its newly formed Board of Control, would conduct the political affairs, the EIC would keep up its commercial undertakings. The system remarkably enhanced British power over India.
Charter Act (1793)
It also renewed the trade monopoly of the EIC for 20 years, on condition that the Company would annually pay £500,000 from the revenues in India to the British government. The Act further carried out administrative reforms in separating revenue collection from judicial functions and in placing restrictions on the movement of the senior officials.
Charter Act (1813)
The 1813 act marked the end of the EIC’s trade monopoly, except in tea, opium, and trade with China. It also granted the Governor-General of India full legislative and financial authority over British India, further consolidating British dominance over the EIC.
Conclusion
These acts, thus, put the EIC firmly under the control of the British Parliament by 1833. Therefore, Britain’s centralization in India made such control possible and opened the way for more streamlined and efficient administration.
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