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What is wave velocity?
Wave velocity is the speed at which a wave travels through a medium. It is determined by the type of wave and the properties of the medium, such as density and elasticity. In general, wave velocity can be calculated using the formula v=f×λv = f \times \lambda v=f×λ, where vv v is the wave velocity,Read more
Wave velocity is the speed at which a wave travels through a medium. It is determined by the type of wave and the properties of the medium, such as density and elasticity. In general, wave velocity can be calculated using the formula
v=f×λ, where
v is the wave velocity,
f is the frequency, and
λ is the wavelength. Different types of waves, such as sound waves, light waves, and water waves, have varying velocities. Understanding wave velocity is crucial in fields like physics, engineering, and communications, as it impacts wave behavior and interactions.
See lessWhat is the application of remote sensing in forestry?
Remote sensing plays a vital role in forestry by providing valuable data for management and conservation. It uses satellite or aerial imagery to monitor forest health, assess biomass, and track changes in land use. Remote sensing helps identify tree species, estimate timber volume, and detect pestsRead more
Remote sensing plays a vital role in forestry by providing valuable data for management and conservation. It uses satellite or aerial imagery to monitor forest health, assess biomass, and track changes in land use. Remote sensing helps identify tree species, estimate timber volume, and detect pests or diseases affecting forests. Additionally, it aids in mapping deforestation and reforestation efforts, ensuring sustainable practices. This technology enhances forest inventory accuracy and supports decision-making for environmental policies. Overall, remote sensing is an essential tool for promoting sustainable forestry, protecting biodiversity, and managing natural resources effectively.
See lessWhat is electromagnetic spectrum?
The electromagnetic spectrum is the range of all types of electromagnetic radiation, which travels in waves. It includes various forms of energy, categorized by wavelength and frequency. The spectrum spans from very short wavelengths, such as gamma rays and X-rays, to longer wavelengths like ultraviRead more
The electromagnetic spectrum is the range of all types of electromagnetic radiation, which travels in waves. It includes various forms of energy, categorized by wavelength and frequency. The spectrum spans from very short wavelengths, such as gamma rays and X-rays, to longer wavelengths like ultraviolet light, visible light, infrared radiation, microwaves, and radio waves. Each type of radiation has unique properties and applications. For example, visible light enables us to see, while radio waves are used for communication. Understanding the electromagnetic spectrum is crucial for fields like astronomy, medicine, and telecommunications, as it helps us harness and utilize different types of energy.
See lessWhat are the main steps for a successful disaster management?
Successful disaster management involves several key steps. First, prevention aims to reduce the risk of disasters through planning and education. Next, preparedness involves developing emergency plans, training responders, and conducting drills. During a disaster, response is critical, requiring timRead more
Successful disaster management involves several key steps. First, prevention aims to reduce the risk of disasters through planning and education. Next, preparedness involves developing emergency plans, training responders, and conducting drills. During a disaster, response is critical, requiring timely action to ensure safety and provide assistance. After the immediate threat, recovery focuses on restoring services, rebuilding infrastructure, and supporting affected communities. Finally, mitigation involves assessing the disaster’s impact and implementing strategies to prevent future occurrences. Collaboration among government agencies, organizations, and communities is essential throughout these steps to enhance resilience and effectively manage disasters.
See lessWhat is tornado outbreak?
A tornado outbreak refers to a significant occurrence of multiple tornadoes in a specific area within a short time frame, usually associated with severe weather conditions. These outbreaks can happen during intense thunderstorms and are often linked to powerful weather systems, such as cold fronts oRead more
A tornado outbreak refers to a significant occurrence of multiple tornadoes in a specific area within a short time frame, usually associated with severe weather conditions. These outbreaks can happen during intense thunderstorms and are often linked to powerful weather systems, such as cold fronts or supercell storms. Tornado outbreaks can vary in scale, with some producing several tornadoes over hours or even days. The impact can be devastating, causing extensive damage to buildings, infrastructure, and landscapes, as well as posing serious risks to life and safety. Meteorologists use advanced technology to monitor and predict these events for better preparedness.
See lessSaharia tribes are mainly centralised in which districts of Madhya Pradesh?
Saharia tribes are primarily found in the central regions of Madhya Pradesh, particularly in the districts of Sheopur, Morena, and Gwalior. They are one of the Scheduled Tribes in the state and have a rich cultural heritage. The Saharias traditionally engage in agriculture, hunting, and gathering, aRead more
Saharia tribes are primarily found in the central regions of Madhya Pradesh, particularly in the districts of Sheopur, Morena, and Gwalior. They are one of the Scheduled Tribes in the state and have a rich cultural heritage. The Saharias traditionally engage in agriculture, hunting, and gathering, and their lifestyle reflects a deep connection with nature. Efforts have been made to improve their living conditions through various government schemes aimed at education, health, and employment. Understanding their socio-economic status is essential for promoting their rights and preserving their unique cultural identity.
See lessभारतीय संविधान के 10वें संशोधन अधिनियम, 1961 में क्या जोड़ा गया है?
भारतीय संविधान के 10वें संशोधन अधिनियम, 1961 में संविधान की अनुसूची 6 में संशोधन किया गया। इस संशोधन के अंतर्गत, असम, मेघालय, त्रिपुरा और मिजोरम राज्यों में आदिवासी क्षेत्रों की पहचान और संरक्षण के लिए प्रावधान जोड़े गए। यह संशोधन इन राज्यों के आदिवासी समुदायों के अधिकारों और स्वायत्तता को सुरक्षितRead more
भारतीय संविधान के 10वें संशोधन अधिनियम, 1961 में संविधान की अनुसूची 6 में संशोधन किया गया। इस संशोधन के अंतर्गत, असम, मेघालय, त्रिपुरा और मिजोरम राज्यों में आदिवासी क्षेत्रों की पहचान और संरक्षण के लिए प्रावधान जोड़े गए। यह संशोधन इन राज्यों के आदिवासी समुदायों के अधिकारों और स्वायत्तता को सुरक्षित करने हेतु महत्वपूर्ण था। इसके माध्यम से, केंद्र और राज्य सरकारों को आदिवासी क्षेत्रों के विकास और संरक्षण के लिए विशेष नीतियाँ बनाने का अधिकार मिला। यह संशोधन आदिवासी कल्याण और विकास में एक महत्वपूर्ण कदम था, जो स्थानीय संस्कृति और पहचान की रक्षा करता है।
See lessDiscuss whether formation of new states in recent times is beneficial or not for the economy of India. (250 words) [UPSC 2018]
Formation of New States: Economic Implications for India 1. Enhanced Administrative Efficiency: The formation of new states has often led to improved administrative efficiency. Smaller states can implement policies and execute projects more effectively due to better local governance. For instance, TRead more
Formation of New States: Economic Implications for India
1. Enhanced Administrative Efficiency: The formation of new states has often led to improved administrative efficiency. Smaller states can implement policies and execute projects more effectively due to better local governance. For instance, Telangana, formed in 2014, has made strides in IT and industrial growth, leveraging its smaller size for more focused economic development.
2. Tailored Development Policies: New states allow for tailored development strategies that cater to regional needs. Jharkhand, created in 2000, has been able to focus on its mining sector and tribal welfare programs more directly compared to its previous status as part of Bihar. This has facilitated targeted investments and initiatives.
3. Increased Focus on Local Issues: Smaller states can better address local issues and regional disparities. For example, Uttarakhand has been able to concentrate on tourism and environmental conservation, which are crucial for its economy, whereas previously these issues were less prioritized.
4. Economic Challenges and Costs: The creation of new states also brings economic challenges. Initial costs include administrative expenses, infrastructure development, and revenue distribution. Chhattisgarh, formed in 2000, faced significant initial economic challenges, including high public expenditure and adjustment to revenue sharing from the central pool.
5. Regional Disparities and Conflicts: New states can sometimes exacerbate regional disparities and inter-state conflicts. For example, Gorkhaland, a proposed state within West Bengal, has faced political and social tensions due to differing regional interests.
Recent Examples: The creation of Telangana and Jammu and Kashmir’s bifurcation in 2019 have demonstrated both benefits and challenges. Telangana’s growth in the IT sector contrasts with Jammu and Kashmir’s ongoing economic and political issues post-reorganization.
In conclusion, while the formation of new states can promote administrative efficiency and regional development, it also involves significant costs and complex challenges. The net economic benefit depends on effective governance, balanced development policies, and careful management of regional issues.
See lessIndia is well endowed with fresh water resources. Critically examine why it still suffers from water scarcity.(200 words) [UPSC 2015]
India’s Water Scarcity Despite Abundant Freshwater Resources 1. Uneven Distribution of Water Resources: Although India has substantial freshwater resources, they are unevenly distributed. For instance, the Ganges-Brahmaputra basin in the north receives abundant rainfall, while the Arid and Semi-AridRead more
India’s Water Scarcity Despite Abundant Freshwater Resources
1. Uneven Distribution of Water Resources: Although India has substantial freshwater resources, they are unevenly distributed. For instance, the Ganges-Brahmaputra basin in the north receives abundant rainfall, while the Arid and Semi-Arid regions in the west, like Rajasthan, face severe water scarcity.
2. Population Pressure: India’s large and growing population exacerbates water scarcity. Rapid urbanization and increased water demand from domestic, industrial, and agricultural sectors strain available resources. For example, cities like Delhi and Mumbai face severe water shortages due to high demand and inadequate supply infrastructure.
3. Over-extraction and Pollution: Excessive groundwater extraction for irrigation and domestic use has led to declining water tables. In Punjab and Haryana, overuse of groundwater for agriculture has caused depletion. Additionally, industrial discharge and domestic sewage pollute water bodies, further reducing available clean water.
4. Inefficient Water Management: Poor water management practices and inadequate storage facilities contribute to water scarcity. Dams and reservoirs often fail to meet the needs of all regions. The Kaleshwaram Lift Irrigation Project in Telangana aims to address these issues but highlights ongoing challenges in balancing needs across regions.
5. Climate Change: Climate change impacts precipitation patterns, causing erratic rainfall and exacerbating drought conditions. Recent droughts in Maharashtra and Kerala illustrate how shifting climate patterns affect water availability.
Addressing these issues requires comprehensive water management strategies, improved infrastructure, and sustainable water use practices to mitigate water scarcity effectively.
See lessमुंबई, दिल्ली और कोलकाता देश के तीन विराट नगर हैं, परंतु दिल्ली में वायु प्रदूषण, अन्य दो नगरों की तुलना में कहीं अधिक गंभीर समस्या है। इसका क्या कारण है ? (200 words) [UPSC 2015]
दिल्ली में वायु प्रदूषण की गंभीरता के कारण 1. भौगोलिक और मौसम संबंधी कारक: दिल्ली का भौगोलिक स्थिति और मौसम वायु प्रदूषण को बढ़ावा देते हैं। दिल्ली के इंडो-गैंगेटिक प्लेन में स्थित होने के कारण तापमान इन्वर्शन होता है, जो प्रदूषकों को सतह के पास फंसा देता है। मुंबई और कोलकाता की तटीय स्थिति इन प्रदूRead more
दिल्ली में वायु प्रदूषण की गंभीरता के कारण
1. भौगोलिक और मौसम संबंधी कारक: दिल्ली का भौगोलिक स्थिति और मौसम वायु प्रदूषण को बढ़ावा देते हैं। दिल्ली के इंडो-गैंगेटिक प्लेन में स्थित होने के कारण तापमान इन्वर्शन होता है, जो प्रदूषकों को सतह के पास फंसा देता है। मुंबई और कोलकाता की तटीय स्थिति इन प्रदूषकों को फैलाने में सहायक होती है।
2. वाहन उत्सर्जन: दिल्ली में वाहनों की घनता और पुराने वाहन वायु प्रदूषण में योगदान करते हैं। हाल के उदाहरण में, वैश्विक जलवायु सम्मेलन के बाद भी दिल्ली ने डिजल वाहनों के कारण उच्च उत्सर्जन स्तरों का सामना किया है।
3. औद्योगिक प्रदूषण: दिल्ली में औद्योगिक क्षेत्रों और निर्माण गतिविधियों के कारण वायु प्रदूषण बढ़ता है। निर्माण परियोजनाएं और खानूनी मानकों की अनुपालन की कमी ने प्रदूषण को और बढ़ा दिया है।
4. मौसमी कारक: सर्दी के मौसम में दिल्ली में फसल अवशेष जलाने के कारण PM2.5 कणों का स्तर बढ़ जाता है। पंजाब और हरियाणा में फसल अवशेष जलाने से दिल्ली का वायु गुणवत्ता प्रभावित होती है।
5. पर्यावरणीय नियमों की प्रवर्तन: मुंबई और कोलकाता में पर्यावरणीय नियमों का पालन अधिक सख्ती से होता है, जबकि दिल्ली में प्रवर्तन की कमी प्रदूषण को बढ़ाती है।
ये कारक मिलकर दिल्ली में वायु प्रदूषण को मुंबई और कोलकाता की तुलना में अधिक गंभीर बनाते हैं।
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