Two Advantages of Delegation

Delegation is important in management. Here are two key advantages:

1. Increased Efficiency

• Definition: Delegating tasks allows managers to focus on higher-priority activities.
• Illustration: A manager can delegate routine tasks, freeing time for strategic planning.

2. Skill Development

• Definition: Delegation helps team members learn and grow.
• Illustration: Assigning challenging projects to employees builds their skills and confidence.

These advantages enhance productivity and develop team capabilities.

Three Branches of Public Administration as a Discipline

Public Administration is a broad field with various branches. Here are three key branches:

1. Organizational Theory

• Definition: Studies how organizations function and are structured.
• Illustration: Analyzing the efficiency of government agencies.

2. Human Resource Management

• Definition: Focuses on managing personnel in public organizations.
• Illustration: Developing policies for hiring, training, and evaluating employees.

3. Policy Analysis

• Definition: Involves evaluating and formulating public policies.
• Illustration: Assessing the impact of health care policies on communities.

These branches help improve governance and public service delivery.

Economic Ideas of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel

Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel had significant economic ideas that shaped India’s development. Here are the key aspects:

1. Agricultural Development

• Definition: Emphasized improving agriculture for food security.
• Illustration: Supported cooperative farming to enhance productivity and income for farmers.

2. Industrialization

• Definition: Advocated for developing a strong industrial base.
• Illustration: Encouraged the establishment of industries to create jobs and boost the economy.

3. Unity and Integration

• Definition: Believed in the economic unity of India’s states.
• Illustration: Worked to integrate princely states to ensure a cohesive economic framework.

4. Infrastructure Development

• Definition: Stressed the importance of infrastructure for economic growth.
• Illustration: Promoted the construction of roads, railways, and irrigation systems to support commerce and agriculture.

These ideas aimed to create a self-sufficient and prosperous India.

Dimensions of the Role of Media in Elections

Media plays a crucial role in shaping electoral outcomes. Here are various dimensions of its influence:

1. Information Dissemination

• Definition: Provides voters with essential information about candidates and policies.
• Illustration: News reports highlight party manifestos and key issues.

2. Public Opinion Formation

• Definition: Influences how voters perceive candidates and parties.
• Illustration: Editorials can sway public sentiment towards or against a candidate.

3. Watchdog Function

• Definition: Monitors and exposes corruption or malpractice during elections.
• Illustration: Investigative journalism reveals irregularities in campaign funding.

4. Facilitation of Debate

• Definition: Offers platforms for discussions and debates among candidates.
• Illustration: Televised debates allow voters to compare candidates’ views directly.

These dimensions ensure that voters are well-informed and engaged in the electoral process.

Three Salient Features of the 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act

The 73rd Amendment strengthened local self-government in India. Here are three important features:

1. Panchayati Raj System

• Definition: Establishes a three-tier system of local governance.
• Illustration: Includes village, block, and district levels for better administration.

2. Reservation for Women

• Definition: Ensures at least 33% of seats are reserved for women.
• Illustration: Women can actively participate in decision-making at the local level.

3. Regular Elections

• Definition: Mandates timely elections for all Panchayati Raj institutions.
• Illustration: Ensures local bodies are elected every five years, promoting accountability.

These features enhance grassroots democracy in India.