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Analyze the impact of the 73rd and 74th Amendments, which decentralized power and strengthened local governance. How have these amendments transformed the landscape of grassroots democracy in India?
The 73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendment Acts came into force in 1993. The main objective of these amendments was the formation of democratic form of governance at grassroots level, decentralization of power in India and empowerment of the local self government. The 73rd Amendment Act is related tRead more
The 73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendment Acts came into force in 1993. The main objective of these amendments was the formation of democratic form of governance at grassroots level, decentralization of power in India and empowerment of the local self government.
The 73rd Amendment Act is related to the Panchayats (Rural Local Govt.).
It formulated the three tier Panchayati Raj System.
1- Gram Panchayat at Village level
2- Panchayat Samiti at Block level
3- Zila Parishad at District level
It added Part -IX (Art. 243 to 243 O) and 11th Schedule to the Constitution.
The 74th Amendment Act is related to the Municipalities (Urban Local Govt.).
Formation of Municipality at different levels.
1- Nagar Panchayat
2- Municipal Council
3- Municipal Corporation
It added Part IX – A (Art. 243 P to 243 Zg) and 12th Schedule to the Constitution.
Impacts of the 73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendment Act :-
1- Transparency and Accountability: The governance become transparent and accountable towards the public.
2- Increase the citizen participation : Citizen participation gradually increasing in the decision making process.
3- Increase the rate of women representation: Women representation is also increasing gradually in the decision making and policy formulation process.
4- Check on corruption
5- Better utilization of funds
These Amendments transformed the landscape of grassroots democracy in India. Local Bodies (both urban and rural level) got the Constitutional status and strengthened the local Government Institutions.
1-Decentralisation of powers at Local Govt. Bodies.
2-Decentralisation of resources could be possible which enhanced the capacity of the functioning of Government.
3-Beneficial for making the inclusive policies that is helpful for the upliftment of the minorities.
Conclusion: The 73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendment Act made the Local Govt. Bodies an effective institution in terms of power and resources and ultimately strengthen the grass root democracy in India.
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