Satan’s complexity arises from his contradictory traits. He exhibits heroic qualities such as courage, determination, and eloquence, which he uses to lead the fallen angels. For instance, he boldly declares, “Better to reign in Hell than serve in Heaven,” showcasing his resilience and refusal to submit. However, his pride and ambition, which initially led to his rebellion against God, are his tragic flaws. These conflicting attributes make him a layered character, neither wholly evil nor entirely admirable.

Satan’s moments of vulnerability and inner turmoil elicit sympathy from the reader. Despite his defiance, he experiences profound despair and regret. In Book IV, he reflects on his own misery:

“Me miserable! Which way shall I fly

Infinite wrath and infinite despair?

Which way I fly is Hell; myself am Hell;”

Imagery :-

Milton’s vivid imagery presents Satan in grand and imposing terms. For instance, in Book I, Satan is described as:

“He above the rest
In shape and gesture proudly eminent
Stood like a tower.”

This towering image evokes both admiration and intimidation, showing Satan’s former glory and his current fallen state. When he addresses his fellow fallen angels, his speeches are full of pride and defiance, as seen in his famous declaration:

“Better to reign in Hell than serve in Heaven.”

This line captures Satan’s unyielding spirit and his refusal to submit, reflecting his tragic flaw—pride.

Epic Similes:

Milton employs epic similes to draw comparisons that enhance our understanding of Satan’s character. One notable simile compares Satan to a majestic, albeit destructive, creature:

“His legions, angel forms, who lay entranced

Thick as autumnal leaves that strow the brooks

In Vallombrosa, where the Etrurian shades

High overarched embower.”

This comparison to autumn leaves not only illustrates the number of fallen angels but also evokes a sense of beauty in decay, much like Satan’s own fall from grace. Another epic simile likens Satan to a leviathan, emphasizing his immense power and dangerous allure.

Purpose of Narrative:-

Milton’s complex portrayal of Satan serves several purposes in the narrative of Paradise Lost. It challenges readers to grapple with the nature of evil and the consequences of rebellion. By making Satan a compelling character, Milton underscores the seductive nature of sin and the tragic dimensions of the fall. Satan’s complexity also highlights the themes of free will and redemption, as his choices contrast sharply with the obedience and humility of other characters, such as Adam and Eve.