Sign Up

Have an account?

Sign In

Don't have account,

Forgot Password

Lost your password? Please enter your email address. You will receive a link and will create a new password via email.


Have an account?

Sorry, you do not have permission to ask a question, You must login to ask a question.

Need An Account,

Sorry, you do not have permission to ask a question, You must login to ask a question.

Need An Account,

Please briefly explain why you feel this question should be reported.

Please briefly explain why you feel this answer should be reported.

Please briefly explain why you feel this user should be reported.

Search
Ask A Question

Swapna Sundari

Learner
Ask Swapna Sundari
0 Visits
Followers
Home/ Swapna Sundari/Questions

Mains Answer Writing Latest Questions

Swapna Sundari
  • 0
Swapna SundariLearner
Asked: January 23, 2025In:
  • 0

You are the Secretary in the Ministry of Education in a state where coaching institutes offering preparation for prestigious entrance exams like JEE and NEET have grown significantly. Recently, the Central government issued guidelines prohibiting coaching institutes from enrolling students ...

upsc: ethics case studies
  1. Team
    Best Answer
    Team Supreme

    Model Answer (a)What issues arise from the widespread presence of coaching institutes in different regions of the country? Discuss.(200 Words) The widespread presence of coaching institutes across various regions of the country has led to several significant issues: Financial Burden on Parents The cRead more

    Model Answer

    (a)What issues arise from the widespread presence of coaching institutes in different regions of the country? Discuss.(200 Words)

    The widespread presence of coaching institutes across various regions of the country has led to several significant issues:

    Financial Burden on Parents

    The commercialization of education has resulted in exorbitant fees charged by coaching institutes, placing a heavy financial burden on parents. This situation often discriminates against students from economically disadvantaged backgrounds, limiting their access to quality education and competitive exam preparation .

    Mental Health Burden

    The intense competition fostered by coaching institutes contributes to significant mental health challenges among students. The pressure to excel in entrance exams leads to heightened levels of stress and anxiety, which can have long-term effects on their well-being .

    Social Pressure and Parental Expectations

    Many parents, influenced by societal norms and peer pressure, feel compelled to enroll their children in coaching classes, even if the children are not genuinely interested in pursuing competitive exams. This fear of missing out on opportunities drives families to invest in coaching, often against the child’s wishes .

    Lack of Regulation

    A critical issue is the lack of regulation governing coaching institutes. Many operate without proper oversight, leading to misleading practices such as false advertising of success rates and unfulfilled promises of guaranteed results. This lack of accountability can exploit vulnerable students and their families.

    Conclusion

    The prevalence of coaching institutes raises concerns about equity in education, mental health, and the overall integrity of the educational system. Addressing these issues requires a balanced approach that considers the interests of all stakeholders involved.

    7. (b) What alternative solutions can you recommend to support students who may face challenges if the guidelines are implemented in their current form?(200 Words)

    The following alternatives can mitigate challenges faced by students if the guidelines are implemented in their current form:

    1. Strengthening School Education

    Enhancing the quality of school education, particularly in government schools, can reduce the reliance on private coaching centers. High-quality classroom teaching and exam-focused preparation integrated into the curriculum can bridge the gap for students.

    • Fact: According to the Annual Status of Education Report (ASER) 2023, only 39% of Grade 5 students in rural India could read Grade 2-level text, underscoring the need to strengthen foundational learning in schools.

    2. After-School Support Programmes

    Creating after-school academic support programs can provide students with access to exam preparation resources, counseling, and one-on-one guidance.

    • Fact: A pilot after-school program in Brazil improved student academic performance by 20% in standardized exams within two years of implementation.

    3. Promoting Mentorship Programmes

    Connecting students with successful alumni or professionals for mentorship can provide career advice and preparation strategies.

    • Fact: Research by Harvard Graduate School of Education (2022) found that mentorship increased college enrollment rates by 18% among low-income high school students.

    4. Encouraging Peer Learning

    Peer learning initiatives foster collaboration, enabling students to exchange knowledge and support each other.

    • Fact: A study by UNESCO (2021) showed peer learning improved exam performance by 23% in a trial conducted in Nepalese schools.

    5. Leveraging Online Learning Platforms

    Using digital tools and online platforms can democratize access to quality study materials and expert guidance.

    • Fact: A 2023 EdTech study by Deloitte found 70% of students using online platforms reported improved academic outcomes due to personalized learning resources.

    By implementing these measures, education systems can ensure that no student is left disadvantaged, fostering inclusivity and equity in learning.

    7. (c) Does the rise of coaching institutes indicate shortcomings in the country’s education system?(200 Words)

    The proliferation of coaching institutes is a multifaceted issue, often linked to gaps in the education system while also being influenced by external factors.

    Reflection of Educational Shortcomings

      • Fact: According to the ASER 2023 report, only 39% of rural Grade 5 students can read Grade 2-level text, highlighting foundational gaps.Inadequate School Education
        Many government and even private schools struggle to deliver quality education and fail to prepare students for competitive exams like NEET and JEE.
      • Fact: A survey by NITI Aayog (2022) revealed that 72% of students feel their school curriculum does not adequately cover exam preparation for national-level tests.Curriculum Misalignment
        The school curriculum often lacks alignment with the requirements of competitive exams, compelling students to seek supplementary learning.
    2. Lack of Personalized Guidance
      Coaching institutes fill the gap in individualized learning and mentorship that schools rarely offer.

    Other Factors Driving Proliferation

      • Fact: India has 1 seat per 50 aspirants in IITs and AIIMS, intensifying the need for rigorous preparation.Aspirational Culture and Competition
        Intense competition for prestigious institutions creates demand for an extra edge.
      • Fact: A 2022 survey by LocalCircles found 68% of parents believe coaching is essential for academic success.Parental and Societal Pressure
        High parental expectations and societal norms compel students to join coaching institutes.
    2. Marketing and Commercialization
      Aggressive marketing and exaggerated success claims create a perception of indispensability.

    Conclusion

    While the rise of coaching institutes partly reflects weaknesses in the education system, external factors like competition and commercialization also play significant roles. Addressing this requires holistic reforms in school education, alignment of curricula with competitive standards, and regulation of coaching institutes to ensure affordability and transparency.

    See less
Swapna Sundari
  • 0
Swapna SundariLearner
Asked: January 23, 2025In:
  • 0

Roadmap for Answer Writing Introduction: Define disaster management and its significance in India. Briefly mention the media’s role in disaster management: aiding in preparedness, response, recovery, and mitigation. Main Body: Positive Role of Media: Information Dissemination: Media ensures timely and accurate information to the public. Example: Kerala floods ...

upsc: disaster management
  1. Team
    Best Answer
    Team Supreme

    Model Answer Positive Role of Media Information Dissemination: The media ensures timely and accurate information reaches the public, helping them make informed decisions and stay safe. For example, during the Kerala floods in 2018, nearly all news channels in the state provided continuous 24/7 coverRead more

    Model Answer

    Positive Role of Media

    1. Information Dissemination: The media ensures timely and accurate information reaches the public, helping them make informed decisions and stay safe. For example, during the Kerala floods in 2018, nearly all news channels in the state provided continuous 24/7 coverage, ensuring widespread dissemination of vital information.
    2. Raising Awareness: Through news reports, documentaries, and educational programs, the media raises awareness about disaster risks and safety measures. An example is the Sukoon program by Doordarshan Kashmir Channel, which focused on COVID-19 awareness in the region.
    3. Bridging the Gap: Media acts as a vital communication bridge between authorities and affected communities. Radio Kashmir Srinagar, during the 2014 floods, helped reunite people by broadcasting updates and messages from the authorities.
    4. Community Engagement: The media engages communities by supporting relief efforts, including fundraising initiatives. For instance, Sakal Media Group’s “Social For Action” platform facilitated crowdfunding for disaster relief.
    5. Holding Authorities Accountable: Media plays the role of a watchdog, ensuring that authorities are accountable for their disaster response and recovery efforts, thus promoting transparency and effectiveness.

    Negative Role of Media

    1. Sensationalism: Sometimes, media sensationalizes disasters, creating unnecessary panic. During the COVID-19 pandemic, misinformation spread through media channels worsened the crisis.
    2. Invasion of Privacy: Excessive media coverage may invade the privacy of victims, adding to their emotional distress.
    3. Biased Coverage: Media often focuses on urban disasters, like floods in Delhi and Bengaluru, while neglecting those in remote areas, such as the Northeast, leading to unequal attention.

    In conclusion, while media plays an essential role in disaster management in India, ethical practices and coordination with disaster management agencies are crucial for enhancing its effectiveness.

    See less
Swapna Sundari
  • 0
Swapna SundariLearner
Asked: January 23, 2025In:
  • 0

Roadmap for Answer Writing Introduction: Start by introducing the Permanent Settlement (1793) introduced by Lord Cornwallis in Bengal, and briefly explain its objectives. Mention the role it played in the British revenue system, focusing on its intention to create a stable and fixed ...

upsc: economic impact of british rule
  1. Team
    Team Supreme

    Model Answer Disillusionment with the Permanent Settlement The Permanent Settlement introduced by Lord Cornwallis in 1793 aimed to stabilize revenue collection by assigning zamindars to collect fixed revenue. However, the system faced significant challenges: Loss of income for the Company: Fixed revRead more

    Model Answer

    Disillusionment with the Permanent Settlement
    The Permanent Settlement introduced by Lord Cornwallis in 1793 aimed to stabilize revenue collection by assigning zamindars to collect fixed revenue. However, the system faced significant challenges:

    • Loss of income for the Company: Fixed revenue rates led to financial strain as expenses rose, notably from 1798 to 1806 when military expenses diverted funds meant for trade goods【Fact 1】.
    • Higher default by zamindars: The fixed tax burden led to widespread defaults, with 68% of zamindari land in Bengal sold between 1794 and 1819 due to the inability to meet tax demands【Fact 2】.
    • No improvement in productivity: Zamindars, unmotivated by the fixed rates, did not invest in land improvements, failing to meet the British expectation of increased productivity.
    • Peasant oppression: The system led to heavy rent burdens on peasants, who faced eviction and exploitation, resulting in widespread discontent.

    Lessons Learned and Shift to Alternative Systems
    The failures of the Permanent Settlement highlighted the need for more flexible and responsive land revenue models, which led to the development of alternative systems:

    • Ryotwari System: Introduced in South India by Thomas Munro and Captain Alexander Read, this system established a direct relationship between the state and cultivators (ryots). It involved a field-by-field assessment, where revenue officials determined tax rates based on soil quality and land area. Unlike the Permanent Settlement, this system allowed for periodic revisions to adjust revenue demands.
    • Mahalwari System: Developed by Holt Mackenzie and later modified by Robert Merttins Bird, this system assessed revenue collectively for a village or group of villages. Like the Ryotwari system, it allowed for periodic revisions to accommodate changing economic conditions.

    These lessons from the Permanent Settlement led to more adaptable systems that aimed to reduce the oppressive impact on peasants while maintaining a steady revenue stream for the British.

    See less
Swapna Sundari
  • 0
Swapna SundariLearner
Asked: January 22, 2025In:
  • 0

Roadmap for Answer Writing Introduction (100-150 words): Contextualize the importance of PRIs: Briefly introduce Panchayati Raj Institutions as a critical part of India’s decentralized governance system, aimed at promoting local self-governance and inclusive development. Mention the relevance of financial autonomy: ...

upsc: local governance
  1. Team
    Best Answer
    Team Supreme

    Model Answer 1. Over-reliance on Grants A major issue faced by PRIs is their heavy dependence on grants from the central and state governments. As per an RBI report, approximately 95% of their revenue is derived from these grants. This makes PRIs financially vulnerable and limits their autonomy in dRead more

    Model Answer

    1. Over-reliance on Grants
    A major issue faced by PRIs is their heavy dependence on grants from the central and state governments. As per an RBI report, approximately 95% of their revenue is derived from these grants. This makes PRIs financially vulnerable and limits their autonomy in decision-making and local development.

    2. Weak State Finance Commissions (SFCs)
    Article 243-I of the Indian Constitution mandates the creation of State Finance Commissions (SFCs) to recommend the devolution of funds to local governments. However, only 9 states have constituted their 6th SFC, and of these, only two are operational. The lack of effective and functional SFCs exacerbates the financial difficulties faced by PRIs by delaying and limiting the funds allocated to them.

    3. Insufficient Tax Revenue
    PRIs generate very little revenue through local taxes and fees. In 2021-22, their own revenue from taxes and fees accounted for just 1.1% of total revenue. This is due to a narrow tax base, low compliance rates, and weak enforcement mechanisms. Additionally, lack of awareness and clarity regarding tax rules contributes to the underperformance in tax collection.

    4. Misuse of Funds
    Instances of corruption and fund mismanagement are also prevalent. The absence of strong oversight mechanisms allows for the misuse of funds, as demonstrated by the diversion of Rs 1.58 crore from the Gannavaram Gram Panchayat (Andhra Pradesh) without proper approval. This undermines the financial stability and credibility of PRIs.

    Steps to Enhance Revenue Generation for PRIs

    To address these challenges, several measures can be implemented:

    1. Strengthening Tax Collection
    PRIs should adopt innovative approaches like partnering with Self-Help Groups (SHGs) for tax and fee collection. For example, Surquja Gram Panchayat in Chhattisgarh witnessed an increase in revenue by collaborating with SHGs.

    2. Improving Transparency and Resource Efficiency
    Enhanced budgeting, fiscal discipline, and transparent resource management can help reduce misuse of funds. Regular audits and monitoring mechanisms should be put in place to ensure proper utilization.

    3. Revenue Diversification
    PRIs can adopt best practices from other successful models. Bademarenga Gram Panchayat in Chhattisgarh, for example, implemented various initiatives to increase both tax and non-tax revenue, such as leveraging local resources for income generation.

    4. Land Monetization
    PRIs should identify unused land for development purposes, such as commercial projects, community centers, or markets. This can generate significant revenue and contribute to local infrastructure.

    5. Strengthening SFCs
    Regular constitution and empowerment of SFCs are crucial for ensuring fair and timely devolution of funds from the state to the local level.

    By embracing these strategies, PRIs can enhance their financial independence and play a more effective role in rural development.

    See less
Swapna Sundari
  • 0
Swapna SundariLearner
Asked: January 22, 2025In:
  • 0

Roadmap for Answer Writing 1. Introduction (60-80 words) Define BRI: Briefly introduce the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), launched by China in 2013 as a global development strategy aimed at improving infrastructure and fostering regional connectivity across Asia, Europe, and Africa. Mention the ...

upsc: important current events
  1. Team
    Best Answer
    Team Supreme

    Model Answer Introduction The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), launched by China in 2013, aimed to enhance global connectivity, focusing on infrastructure development and investment across Asia, Europe, and Africa. While it promised significant benefits, especially for developing countries, the actuaRead more

    Model Answer

    Introduction

    The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), launched by China in 2013, aimed to enhance global connectivity, focusing on infrastructure development and investment across Asia, Europe, and Africa. While it promised significant benefits, especially for developing countries, the actual outcomes have often been disappointing and, in many cases, illusory.

    Positive Aspects of the BRI: Infrastructure and Investment

    One of the major benefits of the BRI has been the infrastructure development it spurred in participating countries. In Myanmar, for instance, BRI projects have focused on hydropower, cross-border industrial zones, and transport connectivity, including the construction of a high-speed railway and the Kyaukphyu deep seaport. Similarly, in Laos, the China-Laos railway project has attracted substantial investment, with hopes to transform the landlocked nation into a more connected hub. These projects have the potential to boost economic growth and improve regional connectivity.

    The Illusory Benefits: Debt, Economic Dependency, and Social Issues

    However, the negative consequences have overshadowed these benefits. A major concern has been the unsustainable debt burden created by BRI projects. Developing countries often take on large loans with high interest rates, which they struggle to repay. The case of Sri Lanka’s Hambantota Port is a prime example—after failing to repay Chinese loans, Sri Lanka had to lease the port to China. In Laos, the debt-to-GDP ratio has soared to 120%, with the majority owed to China, raising concerns over the country’s economic sovereignty.

    Moreover, the promised economic growth from these large infrastructure projects has often been underwhelming. For example, the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) in Pakistan has failed to generate the anticipated economic benefits, raising the country’s debt and unemployment levels instead. Additionally, many BRI projects have led to social unrest, such as the racial tensions in Indonesia’s Morowali Industrial Park, where Chinese workers were involved in disputes with locals over safety and employment issues.

    Conclusion: A Critical Reassessment of the BRI

    While the BRI has undeniably brought some infrastructure improvements, the overall impact on sustainable development and economic independence in developing countries remains questionable. The initiative has created a cycle of debt dependency and economic challenges, suggesting that participating nations may need to critically reassess their involvement in the BRI for long-term stability and growth.

    See less
Swapna Sundari
  • 0
Swapna SundariLearner
Asked: January 22, 2025In:
  • 0

Roadmap for Answer Writing 1. Introduction Briefly introduce the Indian diaspora in Africa and its significance. Mention the estimated size of the diaspora and its influence on both regions (3 million people across Africa). State the purpose: To explore the role of the diaspora ...

upsc: indian diaspora
  1. Team
    Best Answer
    Team Supreme

    Model Answer Introduction The Indian diaspora in Africa, estimated at around 3 million people, plays a pivotal role in enhancing political and diplomatic ties between India and African nations. Members of the diaspora holding key governmental positions can help shape favorable policies, such as in MRead more

    Model Answer

    Introduction

    The Indian diaspora in Africa, estimated at around 3 million people, plays a pivotal role in enhancing political and diplomatic ties between India and African nations. Members of the diaspora holding key governmental positions can help shape favorable policies, such as in Mauritius, where approximately 70% of the population is of Indian origin, including the current Prime Minister, Pravind Jugnauth. Their influence can strengthen diplomatic relationships and ensure mutual support in international forums. Additionally, the diaspora can act as a bridge for strategic engagement in areas like renewable energy, security issues (e.g., terrorism and piracy in the Indian Ocean), and other global challenges affecting both regions.

    Cultural and Soft Power Promotion

    The Indian diaspora also contributes to India’s soft power in Africa by promoting Indian culture, arts, and traditions. Bollywood, for example, has a massive following in Africa, even beyond the Indian community. By promoting cultural exchanges and showcasing Indian art forms, the diaspora fosters deeper people-to-people ties, which helps in enhancing India’s image and influence on the continent.

    Economic Engagement: Trade, Investment, and Tourism

    The economic impact of the Indian diaspora is significant. The diaspora often acts as a catalyst for trade and investment, especially in countries like South Africa, Kenya, and Tanzania, where India’s exports are particularly high. Moreover, successful businesspeople within the diaspora, such as the Atul Shah family who own the Nakumatt supermarket chain in East Africa, help Indian businesses navigate local markets and regulatory landscapes.

    Furthermore, the diaspora can promote tourism between India and Africa, acting as informal ambassadors to encourage cultural exchanges and travel. Given Africa’s vast natural resources, such as 7.2% of the world’s oil reserves and 7.5% of its natural gas, the diaspora also plays a crucial role in building energy ties, helping India secure energy resources from the continent.

    Conclusion

    In summary, the Indian diaspora in Africa can significantly contribute to enhancing both political and economic engagement between India and African nations, by fostering cultural diplomacy, promoting trade, and leveraging networks for strategic cooperation. However, meaningful policy-level engagement is essential to fully realize the potential of this influential community.

    See less
Swapna Sundari
  • 0
Swapna SundariLearner
Asked: January 22, 2025In:
  • 0

Roadmap for Answer Writing 1. Introduction (50-60 words) Start by briefly introducing the topic and its relevance, highlighting the growing elderly population in India and the unique challenges faced by elderly women due to the intersection of ageing and gender. Fact: “By 2050, ...

upsc: women
  1. Team
    Best Answer
    Team Supreme

    Model Answer Introduction Elderly women in India face significant challenges, including social alienation, financial dependency, health deprivation, and susceptibility to abuse. Gender plays a crucial role in these issues, and addressing them requires a multifaceted approach. 1. Social Alienation SoRead more

    Model Answer

    Introduction

    Elderly women in India face significant challenges, including social alienation, financial dependency, health deprivation, and susceptibility to abuse. Gender plays a crucial role in these issues, and addressing them requires a multifaceted approach.

    1. Social Alienation

    Social exclusion is a major issue for elderly women in India, particularly following widowhood or the migration of younger family members. According to a NITI Aayog report, 2.8 million senior women in rural areas and 9% of elderly women in urban areas live alone, contributing to their isolation. Strengthening social support networks is essential. Community-based initiatives like Elderly Self-Help Groups (ESHGs) can provide spaces for social interaction and skill development, thus reducing alienation.

    2. Financial Dependency

    Financial dependency is another pressing concern. Many elderly women, particularly in rural areas, lack economic independence. The National Statistical Office (NSO) 2020 data reveals that only 10% of rural and 11% of urban elderly women are financially independent. To address this, expanding the National Widow Pension Scheme and ensuring transparent disbursement can provide crucial financial support. Additionally, increasing female workforce participation can help empower elderly women economically.

    3. Health Deprivation

    Health issues among elderly women are a significant concern, with more than 30% suffering from chronic conditions. To improve healthcare access, it is essential to strengthen the National Programme for Health Care of the Elderly, with a focus on non-communicable diseases, and prioritize health insurance for older women from Below Poverty Line (BPL) families.

    4. Susceptibility to Abuse

    Elderly women are more susceptible to physical, emotional, and financial abuse. The Longitudinal Ageing Study in India highlights these issues. Strengthening legal frameworks like the Maintenance and Welfare of Parents and Senior Citizens Act (MWPSC), 2007, and increasing penalties for offenders can help protect elderly women.

    5. Awareness and Capacity Building

    Increasing awareness about rights and entitlements is critical. A survey by Agewell Foundation shows that over 95% of elderly women are digitally illiterate, which limits their access to welfare schemes. Enhancing digital literacy and running educational campaigns about legal rights, like the MWPSC Act, can significantly improve their quality of life.

    In conclusion, to address the issues of elderly women in India, a combination of social protection, economic empowerment, healthcare improvement, legal safeguards, and capacity building is necessary. As India is a signatory to the Madrid International Plan of Action on Ageing, integrating these concerns into policy will not only support elderly women but also contribute to India’s “longevity dividend.”

    See less
Swapna Sundari
  • 0
Swapna SundariLearner
Asked: January 22, 2025In:
  • 0

Roadmap for Answer Writing 1. Introduction Define the concept of the “steel frame” of governance in India: A non-partisan, impartial, and efficient bureaucracy envisioned by the framers of the Constitution to ensure stable and effective governance. Briefly introduce the concept of politicization of ...

upsc: role of civil services in a democracy
  1. Team
    Best Answer
    Team Supreme

    Model Answer The concept of the "steel frame" of governance in India, envisioned by the framers of the Constitution, underscores the need for an impartial, efficient, and non-partisan bureaucracy. However, the politicization of civil services erodes this foundation and disrupts the essential role ofRead more

    Model Answer

    The concept of the “steel frame” of governance in India, envisioned by the framers of the Constitution, underscores the need for an impartial, efficient, and non-partisan bureaucracy. However, the politicization of civil services erodes this foundation and disrupts the essential role of the civil services in ensuring stable and transparent governance.

    Loss of Neutrality and Integrity: Politicization often compels civil servants to make decisions that align with political goals rather than the public interest. For instance, in the 2G spectrum case, bureaucrats from the Telecom Ministry compromised their neutrality, leading to significant governance failures. This undermines the very essence of civil services, which is to serve the nation impartially.

    Widespread Corruption: Political interference increases the likelihood of corrupt practices within the bureaucracy. According to the Global Corruption Barometer-Asia (2020), India has one of the highest bribery rates in Asia, with 39% of respondents indicating that bribery is widespread, and 46% citing the prevalence of personal connections for bureaucratic deals. Such corruption erodes trust in the administration and hampers development.

    Impact on Morale and Policy Continuity: Political interference in transfers and appointments demoralizes civil servants. The frequent transfer of IAS officer Ashok Khemka, who has been moved 56 times in a 30-year career, exemplifies how political pressures disrupt bureaucratic stability. Additionally, mass bureaucratic reshuffles after new government formations lead to discontinuity in policy implementation, further impeding long-term governance objectives.

    Steps to Mitigate the Impact of Politicization

    Transparent Appointments: Ensuring that civil service appointments and promotions are based on merit, with transparent criteria, can help mitigate political influence. The Prakash Singh judgment (2006) recommended setting up independent bodies like State Security Commissions to oversee appointments in the police, and similar mechanisms can be applied to other services.

    Post-Retirement Neutral Period: To prevent the revolving door between politics and bureaucracy, the Hota Committee recommended a two-year cooling-off period before civil servants take up post-retirement political positions, such as becoming Governors.

    Strengthening Accountability and Training: The Second Administrative Reforms Commission (ARC) emphasized the importance of defining public service values by law, holding bureaucrats accountable for ethical lapses. Moreover, regular training can reinforce neutrality and ethical conduct among civil servants, enabling them to withstand political pressures effectively.

    In conclusion, reinforcing a non-partisan, neutral, and efficient bureaucracy through reforms in appointments, accountability, and training can help restore the integrity of the “steel frame” of governance in India.

    See less
Swapna Sundari
  • 0
Swapna SundariLearner
Asked: January 22, 2025In:
  • 0

Roadmap for Answer Writing Step 1: Introduction Objective: Provide a brief introduction to ICT and its role in governance, particularly at the grassroots level. Key Points: ICT encompasses a variety of technologies (internet, mobile phones, data analytics) that can improve governance systems. In India, ICT ...

upsc: e-governance
  1. Team
    Best Answer
    Team Supreme

    Model Answer Efficiency in Service Delivery: ICT has streamlined government services, enabling faster, more accurate service provision. A prime example is the Common Service Centres (CSCs), which provide rural communities with direct access to essential government services, utility payments, and welRead more

    Model Answer

    1. Efficiency in Service Delivery: ICT has streamlined government services, enabling faster, more accurate service provision. A prime example is the Common Service Centres (CSCs), which provide rural communities with direct access to essential government services, utility payments, and welfare schemes.
    2. Transparency and Accountability: ICT tools have facilitated real-time access to government finances and activities, thereby improving transparency. For instance, PRIASoft, an online accounting software, allows citizens to track the financial status and audits of their local Panchayats.
    3. Citizen Engagement: Platforms like MyGov have empowered citizens by providing them with opportunities to offer feedback, voice concerns, and participate in decision-making processes, thus strengthening democratic governance.
    4. Strengthening Panchayats: ICT has enhanced the effectiveness of Panchayats through platforms like eGramSwaraj, which improves transparency in decentralized planning, progress tracking, and Panchayat financial reporting.

    Major Challenges in Leveraging ICT’s Full Potential

    Despite these advancements, several obstacles hinder the full utilization of ICT at the grassroots level.

    1. Digital Illiteracy: A significant barrier is the low level of digital literacy, especially in rural India. According to recent reports, only 38% of households in India are digitally literate, making it difficult for citizens to fully engage with ICT-based governance tools.
    2. Limited Infrastructure: Rural areas face persistent challenges with unreliable electricity and poor internet connectivity, which impede the effective implementation of ICT solutions.
    3. Privacy and Security Concerns: Many rural residents remain apprehensive about using digital platforms due to fears of data breaches and cyber threats, which can undermine trust in online governance tools.
    4. Language and Content Barriers: The dominance of English and Hindi in digital content limits accessibility for the diverse linguistic communities in rural areas. Translating content into local languages is crucial for inclusive governance.
    5. Inadequate Capability Among Officials: There is a lack of technical expertise among Panchayat officials, which makes it difficult to manage and leverage ICT infrastructure effectively.

    In conclusion, while ICT has significantly reshaped governance at the grassroots level, overcoming these challenges is essential for maximizing its potential.

    See less
Swapna Sundari
  • 0
Swapna SundariLearner
Asked: January 22, 2025In:
  • 0

Roadmap for Answer Writing 1. Introduction (30-40 words) Begin by briefly stating the purpose of the RTI Act and its intent to promote transparency and accountability in governance. Mention that while the RTI Act has made significant strides, its effectiveness has been affected ...

upsc: citizen charter transparency accountability and other aspects
  1. Team
    Best Answer
    Team Supreme

    Model Answer The Right to Information (RTI) Act of 2005 was designed to enhance transparency and accountability in government operations. However, the effectiveness of the RTI Act has been compromised due to the challenges faced by the Central Information Commission (CIC). Challenges Affecting the RRead more

    Model Answer

    The Right to Information (RTI) Act of 2005 was designed to enhance transparency and accountability in government operations. However, the effectiveness of the RTI Act has been compromised due to the challenges faced by the Central Information Commission (CIC).

    Challenges Affecting the RTI Act

    One of the primary issues is the delay in the appointment of Information Commissioners (ICs), leading to understaffing. For instance, despite a Supreme Court directive in December 2019 to fill vacancies, only one new Commissioner was appointed by 2021. This delay has resulted in increased workloads and inefficiency in handling RTI requests.

    Poor Enforcement of Penalties

    The CIC has also shown reluctance to impose penalties on government officials who fail to provide information, as reported by Satark Nagrik Sangathan. This reluctance diminishes the deterrent effect of the RTI Act, further weakening its impact. Consequently, citizens are often denied access to crucial information.

    Backlogs and Resource Constraints

    Another significant problem is the backlog of cases. By 2023, the CIC had 20,078 pending cases, which highlights the inefficiency in processing appeals and complaints. Additionally, limited financial resources, inadequate digital infrastructure, and a lack of staff training in technology exacerbate these delays, undermining the Act’s potential.

    Conclusion

    In light of these issues—delays in appointments, poor enforcement, backlogs, and resource constraints—it is evident that the RTI Act has faced challenges in implementation. While it has not become entirely redundant, its transformative potential has been significantly hindered. Expediting appointments, addressing the backlog, and improving infrastructure are essential steps to restore the effectiveness of the RTI Act.

    See less
Load More Questions

Resources & Suggestions

Mains Answer Writing Latest Articles

On: April 11, 2025

Daily Answer Writing Practice Questions (11 April 2025)

Discuss the need for establishing an effective climate governance structure within the broader framework of corporate governance. (150 words) कॉरपोरेट गवर्नेंस के व्यापक ढांचे के तहत एक प्रभावी जलवायु गवर्नेंस संरचना की आवश्यकता पर विचार करें। (150 शब्दों में उत्तर ...

On: April 10, 2025

Daily Answer Writing Practice Questions (10 April 2025)

Explain how the methodology for estimating poverty in India has evolved since independence, with a focus on the approaches used by different committees. (Answer in 250 words) स्वतंत्रता के बाद भारत में निर्धनता आकलन कैसे विकसित हुआ है, इस पर ...

On: April 9, 2025

Daily Answer Writing Practice Questions (9 April 2025)

Do you agree that falling fertility rates provide India with a brief demographic window to achieve its socio-economic goals? What policy measures should be prioritized to harness the demographic dividend in the coming years? (Answer in 250 words) क्या आप ...

Explore Our Blog