The spatial distribution of volcanoes and earthquakes have similarities with both occurring in a well-defined belts or zones. This similarity is due to their shared connection to plate tectonics.

Volcanoes and Earthquakes tend to concentrate near convergent plate boundaries such as subduction zones and divergent plate boundary such as mid oceanic ridges. They also occur along transform faults where plates slide past each other.

Causes:-

1. Plate Tectonics:- The movement of tectonic plates is main reason for volcanic and earthquake activity.
2. Magma Generation:- The process of subduction and continental rifting can lead to magma generation which rises to upper part and can cause volcanic eruptions.

Examples of volcanic and earthquakes belts are the pacific ring of fire, Mid-Atlantic ridge, Himalayan seismic zone(Region of earthquake activity caused by collision of Indian and Eurasian plates.)

The spatial distribution of volcanoes and earthquakes across the globe is similar due to their shared connection to plate tectonics and results of subduction, continental rifting, and transform faulting. By understanding these relationships is crucial for mitigating the risks associated with volcanic eruptions and earthquakes.