What was the status of the Indian agriculture at the time of Independence? What were the reforms post independence which gave push to the agricultural productivity in the country. Analyze. (250 words)
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What was the status of the Indian agriculture at the time of Independence? What were the reforms post independence which gave push to the agricultural productivity in the country. Analyze. (250 words)
At independence in 1947 Indian farming showed minimal progress and used outdated techniques. The farming sector provided income for many Indians yet output remained low because farmers used traditional techniques without irrigation and maintained their crops only through monsoon rain. The zamindarsRead more
At independence in 1947 Indian farming showed minimal progress and used outdated techniques. The farming sector provided income for many Indians yet output remained low because farmers used traditional techniques without irrigation and maintained their crops only through monsoon rain. The zamindars held legal rights to the land and peasants faced unfair treatment without any rights. The 1943 Bengal Famine made everyone see how routine food shortages across the country could put millions at risk of starvation. Post-Independence Agricultural Reforms
1. Land Reforms: Our government needs to remove the Zamindari system and reform tenancy rules to transfer farming lands directly to workers who cultivate them. States executed these reforms in their own way but several did not succeed effectively.
2. Community Development Programmes: The program started in the 1950s to improve rural life and farm methods.
3. The Green Revolution (1960s): The combination of improved seeds, fertilizer and irrigation system in Punjab, Haryana and Uttar Pradesh brought India from being food inadequate to delivering excess food production.
4. Irrigation and Infrastructure: The construction of major irrigation projects at Bhakra Nangal and rural roads created new opportunities for better farming inputs and market access.
5. Institutional Support: A network of agricultural universities and research facilities were formed to educate farmers and distribute useful agricultural knowledge throughout the country.
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After independence new agricultural reforms built the groundwork for major changes across India’s farming systems. Higher agricultural yields characterize the Green Revolution but uneven growth between areas and poor water management harmed the environment. Farm ownership changes in land reforms created new structure rules however socialequality remained unchanged. To achieve sustainable growth we need policies that fix these issues and drive technological advances that make farms more resistant to climate change while treating all stakeholders fairly.
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