Biomarkers are biological molecules found in blood, other body fluids, or tissues that indicate normal or abnormal processes, conditions, or diseases.

Significannn of bipmarkers include early detection which helps identify diseases at an early stage, often before symptoms appear, leading to more effective treatment.

Biomarkers aid in diagnosis by confirming the presence of a disease and differentiating between conditions with similar symptoms.

Biomarkers helps with prognosis by providing information about the likely course of a disease, predicting outcomes and survival rates.

They also help with treatment monitoring, they monotor the effectiveness of treatments and indicate if adjustments are needed.

Biomarkers guide the selection of personalized medicine, i.e. therapies tailored to an individual’s specific condition, enhancing efficacy and reducing side effects.

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) is an analytical technique used to separate, identify, and quantify components in a mixture. It works by passing a liquid sample through a column packed with a stationary phase under high pressure. The sample components interact differently with the stationary phase, causing them to elute at different times. Detection is then performed, often using UV-Vis spectroscopy, to analyze the separated components based on their retention times. HPLC is widely used in pharmaceuticals, environmental testing, and biochemical research for its high resolution and sensitivity.