Lost your password? Please enter your email address. You will receive a link and will create a new password via email.
Please briefly explain why you feel this question should be reported.
Please briefly explain why you feel this answer should be reported.
Please briefly explain why you feel this user should be reported.
Trace the evolution of the Nagara style of temple architecture with suitable examples.
The Evolution of the Nagara Style of Temple Architecture. The Nagara style, also known as the "Northern Style", is a distinct architectural tradition of Hindu temples in northern and western India. It stands out with its distinctive curvilinear forms, soaring towers (shikhara), and intricate decoratRead more
The Evolution of the Nagara Style of Temple Architecture.
The Nagara style, also known as the “Northern Style”, is a distinct architectural tradition of Hindu temples in northern and western India. It stands out with its distinctive curvilinear forms, soaring towers (shikhara), and intricate decorative elements. Tracing its evolution reveals a fascinating story of architectural ingenuity and artistic expression across centuries.
Early Stages (5th-8th Centuries):
* Simple, square-shaped shrines: Early Nagara temples like the Dashavatara Temple in Deogarh (5th Century) and the Kailasa Temple at Ellora (8th Century) were characterized by a simple, square-shaped sanctum (garbhagriha) with a pyramidal roof.
* Introduction of the Shikhara: The Parsvanatha Temple at Khajuraho (9th Century) showcases the early development of the shikhara, a tall, curvilinear tower that dominates the temple’s silhouette.
The Golden Age (10th-13th Centuries):
* Development of various shikhara styles: The 10th-13th centuries witnessed a flourishing of Nagara architecture, with different regions developing unique shikhara styles:
* Rekha (curvilinear): The iconic Khajuraho Temples (10th-13th Centuries) exemplify the rekha style, with their tall, gracefully curved shikharas.
* Valabhi (pyramidal): The Sun Temple at Modhera (11th Century) exemplifies the valabhi style, featuring a pyramidal shikhara.
* Bhumija (flat-roofed): The Lingaraja Temple at Bhubaneswar (11th Century) demonstrates the bhumija style, with a flat-roofed structure.
* Ornate decorations: The temples of this period are renowned for their intricate carvings, sculptures, and decorative elements, showcasing a high level of craftsmanship.
Later Developments (14th-18th Centuries):
* Integration of regional styles: The Nagara style continued to evolve, absorbing elements from other architectural traditions, such as the Dravidian style in the south.
* Simplification of forms: The Meenakshi Temple in Madurai (17th Century) demonstrates a fusion of Nagara and Dravidian elements, with a simplified shikhara.
Modern Influences:
* Contemporary interpretations: In recent times, the Nagara style has inspired modern architects, who have adapted its principles to create contemporary structures.
Conclusion:
The Nagara style of temple architecture, with its evolution through centuries of innovations, showcases the dynamic nature of Indian art and architecture. Its lasting influence is evident in the grandeur and beauty of numerous temples across India, standing as a testament to the enduring legacy of this iconic architectural tradition.
See lessDiscuss role of IPR in securing growth of technology in Indian society.
Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) play a crucial role in fostering technological development in India. By safeguarding inventions, designs, and creations, IPR incentivizes innovation, investment, and economic growth. IPR protection encourages research and development by ensuring that inventoRead more
Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) play a crucial role in fostering technological development in India. By safeguarding inventions, designs, and creations, IPR incentivizes innovation, investment, and economic growth.
IPR protection encourages research and development by ensuring that inventors and creators can reap the rewards of their efforts. This leads to a dynamic environment where individuals and organizations are motivated to invest in research, knowing that their intellectual property will be safeguarded. This, in turn, attracts foreign investment, as companies seek to tap into India’s burgeoning tech scene.
Furthermore, IPR promotes competition and technological advancement. Companies are encouraged to create innovative products and services to stand out in the market. This competitive landscape drives technological progress, leading to improved products, services, and solutions that benefit Indian society.
Moreover, IPR safeguards traditional knowledge and cultural heritage. India has a rich cultural heritage, and IPR can protect traditional knowledge systems, including traditional medicines, crafts, and agricultural practices. This ensures the preservation and sustainable development of these valuable assets.
However, it is important to ensure that IPR laws are balanced to avoid hindering innovation and access to technology. Striking a balance between protecting intellectual property and promoting wider access to technology is crucial for India’s continued technological development.
See lessGive an account of the contributions of Jagadish Chandra Bose to modern science.
JAGADISH CHANDRA BOSE'S CONTRIBUTIONS TO CONTEMPORARY SCIENCE Jagadish Chandra Bose, a pioneering Indian scientist, made profound contributions to contemporary science, bridging the gap between physics, biology, and botany. His groundbreaking research on microwaves laid the foundation for wirRead more
JAGADISH CHANDRA BOSE’S CONTRIBUTIONS TO CONTEMPORARY SCIENCE
Jagadish Chandra Bose, a pioneering Indian scientist, made profound contributions to contemporary science, bridging the gap between physics, biology, and botany. His groundbreaking research on microwaves laid the foundation for wireless communication technologies like radar and satellite communication. He challenged the separation between living and non-living matter by demonstrating the similarities in their responses to stimuli, paving the way for understanding the electrical nature of life processes. His invention, the Crescograph, allowed him to measure plant growth in real-time, pioneering research into plant sensitivity.
Bose’s work was also foundational for interdisciplinary research, advocating for scientific inquiry in India and inspiring generations of scientists. His legacy continues to inspire researchers today, emphasizing the interconnectedness of scientific fields and the power of innovation in tackling complex global challenges.
See less