Surrogacy is a highly debated topic that has valid arguments on both sides. On one side, it is viewed as a way to allow individuals to fulfill their desire to have a child. On the other side, it is in concern with the exploitation of surrogate mothers as well as a commodification of human life. There is a risk of abuse and exploitation of surrogate mothers. Due to the reports of poor women being hired as surrogates and subjected to harmful practices, several countries have banned this. It can reduce and compromise their human dignity. There are arguments that surrogacy treats a child as a product that can be bought and sold and therefore, is condemned by religious authorities.

Surrogacy is also a solution for individuals or couples who cannot conceive and carry a child due to medical reasons. It also allows same-sex couples to have a child. It can also offer economic stability to the surrogates. Societal norms are evolving and the diversity of family structures are being accepted. The discussions around surrogacy are complex and varied.

There is a significant transformation in the roles of women in contemporary India. The increase in female literacy rate and the improvement of the women’s workforce are some notable changes. There are legal reforms that aim to protect the rights of women, thereby strengthening their living conditions. Even in politics, there are more women representations than in the previous years. Although, compared to the men representations, the women in politics constitute only a minority. In other fields like literature, art and business, we see that there are women leaders who act as a role model and pave way in reshaping the societal views of women’s capabilities and roles. There are new initiatives by NGOs and other organisations that advocate for women’s rights and provide support services. Still, it doesn’t mean that incidents of gender-based violence like domestic violence, sexual assault and dowry-related crimes do not exist. Despite all the developments, traditional gender norms still influence contemporary India. To reach a place where traditionally constructed gender roles no longer thrive, India has a long way to go and it is indeed a slow process.