India specifically has been at the forefront of the idea to adopt the system to eradicate the traditional system of elections known as E-voting. Although electronic voting machines have been in use from 1999, the transition to a completely online or distance E-voting system opens opportunities and tRead more
India specifically has been at the forefront of the idea to adopt the system to eradicate the traditional system of elections known as E-voting. Although electronic voting machines have been in use from 1999, the transition to a completely online or distance E-voting system opens opportunities and threats.
On the positive side E-voting would help the Non Resident Indians NRIs, the migrant workers and the senior citizens to vote since they are reluctant to vote through physically casting their votes. Besides, the option of casting votes from any location is convenient in the sense that it would cut down the time and challenges of organizing the polls in a very populous country such as this. Besides, it might prove to be efficient which reduces expenses on construction of physical infrastructure, the actual paper ballots and security measures at these booths.
The laying down of an online voting process is therefore not devoid of significant hurdles albeit starting with an empty plate. Indeed, one of the major impediments of such process in India is the digital divide as a large part of the population is deprived of Internet connection or adequate digital literacy. It may also cause disempowerment of already largely excluded sections of the society. Another threat involves cybersecurity for the organization’s database of customer information. The electronic systems in use for online voting face vulnerabilities such as hacking, malware attacks, and data breaching that derail the elections. The other issue of concern is the level of security and accuracy used to check fraud and impersonation by the fake voters.
The second focal area is trust and transparency. A voter or the political parties may even doubt the sanity of the online system if their checks and balances, or the verification measures are not well put in place. E-voting would also need major legal amendments regarding India’s electoral laws.
In conclusion, optimistically, the new system has the potential to provide more people’s involvement and effectiveness on this regard, but contemporary complete substitution of the existing traditional system is not possible. In my opinion a better approach could be a combined model of the remote E-voting model in conjunction with in-person voting.
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Good Road Making: - It is a strong foundation. The ingredients which are used to create a good base including stones, gravel, and soil cement concrete to name but a few. It won’t be drowned or develop cracks whenever there is an intense rainfall or lots of traffic. High quality for topping material.Read more
Good Road Making:
– It is a strong foundation. The ingredients which are used to create a good base including stones, gravel, and soil cement concrete to name but a few. It won’t be drowned or develop cracks whenever there is an intense rainfall or lots of traffic.
High quality for topping material. Its upper layer must be constructed from the material that provides endurance and shield against wear and tear for instance, bitumen, asphalt, or concrete.
-Proper Drainage: Road construction entails the construction of proper drainage outlets like the culverts, ditches or side drainages in order to avert water stagnation, or wash away the surface of the road.
Regular Maintenance:
Preventive Maintenance: In going through the pavement surfaces there is systematic repairs of some general minute path DEC like the potholes the cracks and erodims with permissible standard to expound further to cause fatal harm hence enabling long lasting of the roads.
Coating at regular interval with the right products will guarantee that the road surface is well maintained, ride quality increased and road safety boosted.
Green Economy Construction Techniques
That is, incorporating as many local material in the construction process as possible. This can lead to reduction of costs as well as effects on environment.
-Eco-Friendly Construction: Reduce the quantity of cement and recycled content by constructing practices and products to reduce unfavorable effects to the environment.
Community Participation
Engaging the local people in the construction and maintenance of the roads makes them have a proportionate responsibility of the roads.
Technological Solutions:
-Geo-textiles: By applying the technology the ground on which the rail track is laid on will be stable and there will be no formation of rills due to soil erosion.
-Soil Stabilization Techniques: Processes like modification of the soil through stabilization enhances strengths of a road base.
Adopting the measures outlined above it is possible to construct and sustain legally sound and long-lasting roads in villages thereby enhancing the life of villagers and spurring up their living standards.
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