The inadequacy of the conventional global multilateral order in effectively addressing contemporary challenges has paved the way for the emergence of issue-based coalitions as alternative platforms for functional cooperation. These coalitions, which concentrate on specific issues or objectives, enable countries with similar views to collaborate more efficiently and achieve tangible progress where broader multilateral institutions have failed.

Issue-based coalitions provide a degree of flexibility and agility that is often lacking in traditional global multilateral organizations. With fewer members who share a common vision on a specific issue, decision-making and implementation can happen more expediently, avoiding the complications and bureaucracies that impede broader multilateral institutions.

Moreover, these coalitions can fill the gaps created by the outdated multilateral order. As global challenges become more intricate and interconnected, traditional institutions may struggle to adjust and respond effectively. Issue-based coalitions allow countries to tailor their cooperation to specific needs, utilizing their expertise and resources more strategically.

Additionally, issue-based coalitions serve as a platform for innovation and experimentation. By focusing on specific issues, member countries can explore new approaches, share best practices, and pilot projects without the constraints of broader institutional mandates.

Nonetheless, issue-based coalitions face challenges of their own. They may lack the legitimacy and inclusivity of traditional multilateral bodies, raising concerns about accountability and representation. Moreover, the proliferation of such coalitions could potentially result in fragmented global efforts and redundant work if not coordinated effectively.