The Montreal Protocol is an international environmental treaty which aims to protect the earth’s ozone layer by phasing out the production and use of Ozone Depleting substances. Adopted on 15th September 1987, The Montreal protocol stands as the only UN Treaty ever been ratified by all nations on the planet. It has been highly successful, leading to the phase-out of 99% of ODS globally.
Post 1970s, scientists raised their global concern regarding the chemical substances used in air conditioners, refrigerators, and aerosol cans causing damage to the ozone layer. Evident in 1985 when a hole was discovered in the ozone layer over Antarctica Allowing hazardous levels of ultraviolet (UV) radiation to reach the earth’s surface. Hence, The Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer was signed in 1985 under which UN member countries recognized the importance of curbing damage to the ozone layer. As per the Global efforts to
Mitigate Ozone Depletion and convention's provision, Montreal Protocol was adopted to further the goals of the Vienna Convention.

Later Amendments:
Several amendments were done to strengthen the Montreal Protocol, accelerating the phase- out of additional ODS and providing financial and technological assistance to developing countries.

Kigali Amendment: An extension of the Montreal Protocol, aimed at phasing down
hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), potent greenhouse gases.

Conclusion:
With continuous global efforts Antarctic ozone hole is showing signs of recovery, indicating the effectiveness of international efforts in mitigating ozone depletion And regular researches into ozone depletion and alternatives to ODS has led to the development of ozone-friendly technologies and practices.

The Montreal Protocol is an international environmental treaty which aims to protect the earth’s ozone layer by phasing out the production and use of Ozone Depleting substances. Adopted on 15th September 1987, The Montreal protocol stands as the only UN Treaty ever been ratified by all nations on the planet. It has been highly successful, leading to the phase-out of 99% of ODS globally.
Post 1970s, scientists raised their global concern regarding the chemical substances used in air conditioners, refrigerators, and aerosol cans causing damage to the ozone layer. Evident in 1985 when a hole was discovered in the ozone layer over Antarctica Allowing hazardous levels of ultraviolet (UV) radiation to reach the earth’s surface. Hence, The Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer was signed in 1985 under which UN member countries recognized the importance of curbing damage to the ozone layer. As per the Global efforts to
Mitigate Ozone Depletion and convention's provision, Montreal Protocol was adopted to further the goals of the Vienna Convention.

Later Amendments:
Several amendments were done to strengthen the Montreal Protocol, accelerating the phase- out of additional ODS and providing financial and technological assistance to developing countries.

Kigali Amendment: An extension of the Montreal Protocol, aimed at phasing down
hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), potent greenhouse gases.

Conclusion:
With continuous global efforts Antarctic ozone hole is showing signs of recovery, indicating the effectiveness of international efforts in mitigating ozone depletion And regular researches into ozone depletion and alternatives to ODS has led to the development of ozone-friendly technologies and practices.

The Montreal Protocol is an international environmental treaty which aims to protect the earth’s ozone layer by phasing out the production and use of Ozone Depleting substances. Adopted on 15th September 1987, The Montreal protocol stands as the only UN Treaty ever been ratified by all nations on the planet. It has been highly successful, leading to the phase-out of 99% of ODS globally.
Post 1970s, scientists raised their global concern regarding the chemical substances used in air conditioners, refrigerators, and aerosol cans causing damage to the ozone layer. Evident in 1985 when a hole was discovered in the ozone layer over Antarctica Allowing hazardous levels of ultraviolet (UV) radiation to reach the earth’s surface. Hence, The Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer was signed in 1985 under which UN member countries recognized the importance of curbing damage to the ozone layer. As per the Global efforts to
Mitigate Ozone Depletion and convention's provision, Montreal Protocol was adopted to further the goals of the Vienna Convention.

Later Amendments:
Several amendments were done to strengthen the Montreal Protocol, accelerating the phase- out of additional ODS and providing financial and technological assistance to developing countries.

Kigali Amendment: An extension of the Montreal Protocol, aimed at phasing down
hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), potent greenhouse gases.

Conclusion:
With continuous global efforts Antarctic ozone hole is showing signs of recovery, indicating the effectiveness of international efforts in mitigating ozone depletion And regular researches into ozone depletion and alternatives to ODS has led to the development of ozone-friendly technologies and practices.