The Right to Information (RTI) Act, while empowering, faces several limitations and criticisms:

1. Bureaucratic Resistance: Public officials may be uncooperative, delaying responses or providing incomplete information.
2. Exemptions: Certain areas, like national security, are exempt, sometimes leading to misuse to withhold information.
3. Lack of Awareness: Many citizens are unaware of their RTI rights, limiting its effective use.
4. Privacy Concerns: Balancing transparency with individual privacy rights remains a challenge.
5. Backlogs: A high volume of requests can create backlogs, delaying responses and undermining the Act’s efficacy.
6. Resource Constraints: Insufficient resources and training for Public Information Officers (PIOs) hinder effective implementation.
7. Political Interference: Pressure from political entities can influence the disclosure of information.

These issues can be addressed by:

1. Training and Resources: Providing adequate training and resources for PIOs to handle requests efficiently.
2. Streamlined Processes: Implementing technology to streamline request processing and reduce backlogs.
3. Public Awareness Campaigns: Educating citizens about their RTI rights and how to exercise them.
4. Strengthening Oversight: Empowering Information Commissions to enforce compliance and penalize non-cooperation.
5. Clear Guidelines: Establishing clear guidelines to balance transparency with privacy and national security concerns.
6. Minimizing Exemptions: Reviewing and minimizing exemptions to ensure broader access to information.

Developing exact medicines to cure viral diseases is challenging due to the unique nature of viruses. Unlike bacteria, fungi, and protozoa, which are cellular organisms with their own metabolic processes, viruses are acellular and rely entirely on host cells to reproduce. This dependency makes targeting the virus without damaging host cells difficult. The major reasons explaining the unavailability of exact medicines to cure viral diseases has been listed below.

1. Rapid Mutation: Viruses, especially RNA viruses like influenza and HIV, mutate quickly, creating numerous variants. These mutations can alter viral proteins, making it hard for a single drug to remain effective over time.
2. Intracellular Lifecycle: Viruses infiltrate host cells to replicate, hiding within the cell’s machinery. This intracellular lifecycle complicates the development of drugs that can target the virus without harming the host cell.
3. Limited Drug Targets: The simplicity of viruses means they have fewer targets for antiviral drugs compared to more complex organisms like bacteria or fungi. Most antiviral drugs aim to disrupt viral replication but often have limited scope and efficacy.
4. Immune Evasion: Some viruses can evade the immune system, persisting in the host and making it difficult to eliminate the infection completely.

Innovation and technology are transforming healthcare delivery and patient outcomes in profound ways, bringing about a new era of personalized, efficient, and accessible care. Some of these innovations and technologies in the healthcare industry are-

1. Personalized Medicine – Advances in genetic sequencing and data analysis allow for treatments tailored to an individual’s genetic makeup, increasing the effectiveness of therapies and reducing side effects.
2. Telemedicine and Remote Monitoring – Telemedicine enables patients to consult with healthcare providers from the comfort of their homes, increasing access to care, especially in rural or underserved areas.
3. Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning – AI algorithms can analyze medical images, predict disease progression, and suggest personalized treatment plans with high accuracy.
4. Robotics and Automation – Robotic surgery enhances precision and reduces recovery times. Robots can perform minimally invasive procedures with greater accuracy and consistency than human hands. Automated systems for medication dispensing, patient monitoring, and administrative tasks improve efficiency and reduce the risk of human error.
5. 3D Printing – 3D printing allows for the creation of bespoke prosthetics and implants tailored to individual patients, improving comfort and functionality. Advances in bioprinting are paving the way for the creation of artificial organs, which could one day alleviate organ transplant shortages.