India has covered lots of ground with regard to managing wastes, yet a lot needs to be dealt with. In short, it is as follows:

Challenges:

There lacks proper infrastructures for collecting and transporting waste; many cities face such problems with disposal.
Waste segregation is poor at the source, thereby causing contamination. It hinders recycling.
Overburdening waste management structures by rampant urbanization.

Most people have no idea what to do with waste and also do not see the importance of segregation.

-Limited Enforcement: Inadequate implementation of waste management policies is also a reason.

Responsibility:

-Municipal Corporations: Waste collection, transportation, and disposal are the main responsibilities.

-State and Central Governments: The responsibility includes the formulation of policy, resource development, and supervision.

-Citizens: The citizens are also responsible for waste segregation, proper disposal, and waste management programmes.

-Business houses: It deals with proper handling of waste in their unit and maximizing generation at source.
Swachh Bharat Mission: It is a program for a better sanitation and cleanliness campaign encompassing waste management.
Solid Waste Management Rules: Government rules which give a platform to manage the waste.
However, despite all these, much is yet to be achieved. Many cities are still facing landfills overflowing and littering.
Key Factors:

-Lack of Political Will: Assured continuity in implementing policies and sufficiency of funds remain problems.

-Corruption: Corruption interferes with effective waste management because it diverts the funds and slows down providing effective services.

-Fast Population Growth: The population growth rates grow exponentially, resulting in increasing amounts of trash.

Way Forward:

-Improvement of Infrastructure: The provision of modern facilities in collection, transportation, and processing of wastes.

-Public Awareness: Increased public awareness on waste segregation, recycling, and proper disposal.

-Enforcement: Enforcing the implementation of rigorous waste management regulations and stricter punishments for violations.

-Community Involvement: Encouraging active community participation in waste management initiatives.

-Technological Solutions: Innovative technologies such as waste-to-energy and waste-to-compost facilities.