Indian temple architecture changed over time, with varying styles and characteristics prevalent in each:

Early Phase: Most temples were cave constructions, like the Ajanta and Ellora caves, and were carved out of rock between the second and third centuries CE. Inspired by Buddhist and Jain architecture, these were straightforward, monolithic structures.

Gupta Period (4th–6th century): This period was distinguished by the construction of brick and stone structural temples. These temples resembled the Dashavatara Temple in Deogarh; they were small and had flat roofs.

Period following the Guptas (7th–12th centuries):

Nagara (North Indian): The temples had elaborately carved tall, beehive-shaped towers called shikhharas. The Sun Temple at Konark and the Khajuraho temples are two examples.
South Indian Dravida: Architecture is distinguished by its elaborate gateways (gopurams) and towers in the shape of pyramids, called vimanas. One of the best examples is the Brihadeeswarar Temple in Thanjavur.
Vesara (Deccan): Found in Chalukyan temples such as the Virupaksha Temple in Pattadakal, this style combines elements of Nagara and Dravida architecture.

Medieval Period (13th–18th centuries): Because of Mughal influence, Islamic features like arches and domes were incorporated into northern temples. The Vijayanagara Empire constructed opulent temples in the South, like those in Hampi, with tall gopurams and intricate sculptures.

Overall, Indian temple architecture evolved from straightforward rock-cut shapes to massive, finely carved stone constructions that showcased the country’s cultural diversity.