Introduction:

The Union Public Service Commission is a constitutional body set up under Article 315 of the Indian Constitution. It plays an important role in recruiting personnel for All-India Services and Central Services, with integrity in India’s public administration.

Functions of the UPSC:

1. Conducting Examinations: UPSC conducts exams for All-India Services, like IAS and IPS, and other central government services, ensuring merit-based recruitment.

2. Advisory Role: It advises the government on service matters, disciplinary issues, and promotions, ensuring transparency and fairness.

3. Assist States: UPSC undertakes joint recruitment for specialized roles by assisting states on request.

4. Additional Responsibilities: The parliament can give additional responsibilities to UPSC to enhance its role.

5. Lateral Entry Interviews: UPSC conducts interviews to recruit experienced professionals for particular posts, strengthening the administration through professional competence.

Constitutional Provisions for Independence and Impartiality:

1. Security of Tenure (Article 316): UPSC members serve a six-year term or until 65, ensuring stability.

2. Removal Process (Article 317): Removal requires presidential approval, with an inquiry by the Supreme Court to prevent undue dismissal.

3. Service Conditions (Article 318): Conditions cannot be altered adversely, protecting members from external influence.

4. Financial Independence (Article 322): Salaries are charged on the Consolidated Fund of India, ensuring financial autonomy.

5. Restriction on reappointment (Article 319): Members shall not receive reemployment by the government after retirement. Conclusion: The UPSC’s constitutionally protected functions and safeguards uphold meritocracy, maintaining impartiality and integrity in India’s governance.