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Examine the role of the President of India as envisaged in the Indian Constitution. How does the President's position balance ceremonial duties with actual powers?
The Constitution of india has conceived the office of the president of india as de jure or nominal executive . It is modelled on the position which is enjoyed by the British King in the British parliamentary system. However, the powers and functions the president of india as envisaged by the constitRead more
The Constitution of india has conceived the office of the president of india as
de jure or nominal executive . It is modelled on the position which is enjoyed by the British King in the British parliamentary system. However, the powers and functions the president of india as envisaged by the constitution are more wider.
Not only does the president perform some ceremonial functions but she/he also enjoys a variety of powers.
They are listed below :
1) CEREMONIAL FUNCTIONS –
* The president is the Head of State and all the executive actions of the government of india are taken in his name.
* She/He summons and prorogues the parliament.
* She/He is the Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces.
* All international treaties and contracts are executed in his name subject to the its ratification by the parliament.
* He appoints certain officers of the Union Government. like judges of the Supreme Court and High Court, Attorney General of india, Comptroller and Auditor General in consultation with the union government.
* Addresses the parliament at the first session after every general election and at the first session every year.
* He is the Chancellor to all the Central Universities.
2) ACTUAL POWERS –
• A bill passed by both the houses of the parliament cannot become an act unless assented by the president.
• She/He promulgates ordinances on the aid and advice of the council of ministers.
• She/He appoints the Prime Minister of India.
• She/He appoints other ministers on the advice of the Prime Ministers.
• She/he grants pardons, commutation, reprieve, respite.
• She/he is granted powers to deal with emergencies mainly, National Emergency, Financial Emergency, Presidents Rule.
• She/he can declare any area as Scheduled Area and establish a commision for the administration of the area.
• She/he can investigate into the conditions of the backward classes.
It, thus, can be seen through above powers and functions that the constitution of india has envisaged to balance the ceremonial functions of the president with actual powers.
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