The basic differences between latitude and longitude can be written as follows:

• The angular distance of a point from north to south of the equator expressed in degrees is called a latitude, while the longitude is defined as the angular distance along the prime meridian from 0 to 180 degrees towards the east or west of Greenwich. 
• Longitudes are each equal in length, whereas latitudes decrease from north to south of the equator in length. 
• Axial lines are parallel to the equator. Meridians of the same longitude meet at the poles.
• Axis lines appear as circles on the globe. All meridians appear as ellipses that pass through the south and north poles. 
• In every 1-degree interval, latitudes are 179 degrees and longitudes are 180 degrees.
• Latitudes are full circles, and longitudes are semicircles. 
• The longitudinal line is the other name for the prime meridian, while the equator is known as the latitudinal line. 
• The values for latitudes are  0° to 90°, whereas,  longitude holds the maximum value of 180° and the minimum value of 0° respectively.
• Local time determination requires longitude, not latitude. 
• The temperature does not fluctuate on the same latitude no matter what the place is, but the temperature fluctuates on the same longitude for various places. 
• Day or night occurs at the same latitude periodically, but it is not found at the same longitude.